Parameters Associated with Marginal Bone Loss around Implant after Prosthetic Loading

Abstract

This study evaluated retrospectively the association among occlusal, periodontal and implant-prosthetic parameters and marginal bone loss (MBL) around implants and survival rate at 5.7 ±3.2 years of follow-up after prosthetic loading. Eighty-two patients received 164 external hexagon implants. After the standard healing period (3 to 6 months), the implants were restored with single-tooth or up to three splinted crowns. All patients were followed according to a strict maintenance program with regular recalls and clinically evaluated by a calibrated examiner. The MBL measurements taken from standardized radiographs made at permanent crown placement (baseline) and after the last evaluation were calculated considering occlusal, periodontal and implant-prosthetic parameters. Veneer fractures and abutment loosening were not considered failure. Two implants failed during the follow-up period, resulting in a survival rate of 98.8%. Cox regression analyses showed MBL associated with non-working side contacts (p=0.047), inadequate anterior guidance (p=0.001), lateral group guidance involving teeth and implants (p=0.015), periimplant plaque index (p=0.035), prosthetic design (p=0.030) and retention (p=0.006). Inadequate occlusal pattern guide, presence of visible plaque, and cemented and splinted implant-supported restoration were associated with greater MBL around the implant.

Early‐predictors of marginal bone loss around morse taper connection implants loaded with single crowns: A prospective longitudinal study

“…36,37 Our findings suggest that even when implant-prosthetic characteristics play a protective role, eg the use of screw-instead of cement-retained prosthesis, higher marginal bone loss was observed under inappropriate occlusal patterns, such as inadequate anterior and canine guidance or inadequate occlusal contacts. These findings are in agreement with previous clinical study, 23 which reported significant differences in the marginal bone loss around implants of individuals with inadequate anterior guidance, non-working side contacts and lateral group function involving teeth and implants. Due to the lack of periodontal mechanoreceptor feedback, the control of the muscles of mastication is reduced and does not decrease the load applied to implant-supported restorations, resulting in greater stress on peri-implant crestal bone.…”

“… Pretreatment periodontal evaluation: (i) Plaque index: presence of visible plaque; (ii) Pocket depth: measured from the margin to the bottom of the pocket; (iii) Bleeding on probing (BOP): presence of bleeding up to 15 seconds after probing; (iv) Keratinized mucosa width: measured in millimeter from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction; (v) Papilla height: assessed from the tip of the papilla to the connecting line of the two neighboring gingival zeniths . All measurements were performed at distal, buccal, mesial, and palatal/lingual surfaces of all teeth present using a Williams 23 probe (Hu − Friedy). Prosthetic retention: cemented or screwed crowns. Arch variables: (i) bone graft: presence or absence; (ii) location: anterior or posterior; maxilla or mandible. Occlusion variables: (i) Anterior guidance: adequate, when the mandible moves into a protrusive position and there are adequate implant and tooth‐guided contacts on the anterior teeth to disocclude all posterior teeth immediately; or inadequate; (ii) Lateral guidance: group guidance, when the mandible moves forward into lateral position, and there are implant and tooth − guided contacts; or canine guidance, there are implant or tooth − guided contacts involving only tooth or implant; Occlusal contacts: inadequate, a dark occlusal mark is an occlusal contact or premature contact (high spot); or adequate, a light occlusal mark is not necessarily an occlusal contact. The contacts between upper and lower teeth in static and dynamics movements were obtained through articulating paper (Bausch Progress 100 micron, Bausch Lomb Incorporated, United Kingdom) and visually checked …”

Implant‐supported cantilevered fixed dental rehabilitations in fully edentulous patients: Systematic review of the literature. Part II

“…Moderate risk of bias (plausible bias that raises some doubt about the results) if one or more criteria were partly met or were assessed as unclear TA B L E 1 Excluded studies Cantilever data not retrievable Koller, Pereira-Cenci, and Boscato (2016); Ozgur, Kazancioglu, Demirtas, Deger, and Ak (2016); Mangano et al (2014); Ekfeldt, Zellmer, and Carlsson (2013); Degidi, Nardi, and Piattelli (2013); Wittneben et al (2014); Heschl et al (2012); Ortorp and Jemt (2012); Malo, de Araújo Nobre, Lopes, Moss, and Molina (2011);Krennmair, Seemann, Schmidinger, Ewers, and Piehslinger (2010); Eliasson et al (2010); Davó (2009);Isaksson, Becktor, Brown, Laurizohn, and Isaksson (2009);Degidi, Iezzi, Perrotti, and Piattelli (2009); Ortorp and Jemt (2009);Gualini, Gualini, Cominelli, and Lekholm (2009);Blanes, Bernard, Blanes, and Belser (2007); Rasmusson, Roos, and Bystedt (2005); Hartman and Cochran (2004); Åstrand et al (2004); Attard and Zarb (2004); Ekelund, Lindquist, Carlsson, and Jemt (2003); Murphy, Absi, Gregory, and Williams (2002); Raghoebar, Timmenga, Reintsema, Stegenga, and Vissink (2001); Tinsley, Watson, and Russell (2001);Brägger, Aeschlimann, Bürgin, Hämmerle, and Lang (2001);Friberg, Gröndahl, Lekholm, and Brånemark (2000); Becker and Kaiser (2000); Schwartz-Arad, Gulayev, and Chaushu (2000); Arvidson, Bystedt, Frykholm, von Konow, and Lothigius (1998); Schwartz-Arad and Chaushu (1998); Keller, Tolman and Eckert (1998);Parein, Eckert, Wollan, and Keller (1997); …”

Survival rates of hybrid rough surface implants and their alveolar bone level alterations

“…Clinician experience might affect implant survival but the impact of clinician experience on bone level change was unclear. The association between splinted implants and bone loss was inclusive . Since these two factors were not significantly associated with bone level change in multivariable analysis, more controlled studies were needed to clarify the significance of these two factors.…”

“…The association between splinted implants and bone loss was inclusive. 47,48 Since these two factors were not significantly associated with bone level change in multivariable analysis, more controlled studies were needed to clarify the significance of these two factors.…”