Association between Chronic Periodontitis and Oral/Oropharyngeal Cancer

Abstract

The aim of this case control study was to assess the association between the extent and severity of chronic periodontitis and oral cavity and/or oropharyngeal cancer. The case group comprised 35 patients (mean age 56.1±8.4), diagnosed for oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer. The control group comprised 40 individuals (mean age 55.4±9.4) without diagnostic of cancer. All individuals were subjected to a periodontal examination, including bleeding on probing, plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and decayed, extracted and filled teeth index (DMFT). The case group had significantly more sites with plaque. GI and BOP had similar values in both groups. The median PPD and CAL values were significantly higher for the case group. Chronic generalized periodontitis was predominant in 80% of patients with oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer. Eighty nine percent of the patients in the case group presented severe chronic periodontitis. There was no significant difference between groups for median values of DMFT. The extent and severity of chronic periodontitis remained as risk indicators for oral cavity and/or oropharyngeal cancer even after the adjustments for traditional confound factors, i.e. smoking and alcohol consumption.

Potential Salivary mRNA Biomarkers for Early Detection of Oral Cancer

“…Previous study showed that chronic periodontitis can affect the levels of potential oral cancer salivary mRNA biomarkers [10,11]. In addition, chronic periodontitis is a risk indicator for oral cavity and/or oropharyngeal cancer [12,13]. Specifically, Moraes reported that 89% of oral cancer patients presented severe chronic periodontitis.…”

Subgingival microbial profile of women with breast cancer: a cross-sectional study

“…Nowadays, a great deal of research effort has been dedicated to understanding the impact of the oral microbial burden on systemic health. It is well recognized that periodontal infection increases the level of inflammatory markers in the blood, and several studies [14][15][16][17] have linked this persistent inflammation to the development of different types of cancer, including breast cancer [18,19,25]. Therefore, defining the microbial profile of women with breast cancer and periodontitis is important contributory data to our understanding of the relationship between periodontitis and this systemic condition.…”

“…Indeed, ChP promotes systemic inflammation via translocation of oral bacteria, bacterial toxins, and inflammatory mediators through frequent transient bacteremia that would heighten the systemic burden and could promote cellular differentiation [4,13]. In addition, ChP has also been associated with cancers of the head and neck [14,15], pancreas [16], lung [17], and more recently breast cancer [18,19].…”

Prevalência do câncer de cabeça e pescoço no Hospital de Especialidades \"Eugenio Espejo\" período 2002 - 2015, Quito - Equador

“…No século 19, Virchow levantou a hipótese de que a inflamação crônica e a má higiene bucal estariam associadas à carcinogênese (20). Comportamentos sexuais e infecções pelos vírus do papiloma humano e Epstein-Barr são fatores etiológicos do câncer de orofaringe, língua e tonsilas palatinas (4,17).…”

“…A dieta e certos alimentos têm sido relacionados ao desenvolvimento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP), sendo considerado como fator de alto risco o consumo excessivo de dietas ricas em carne vermelha, ovos, bacon, laticínios, gordura animal, frituras e peixe defumado, devido aos altos níveis de nitrosaminas com potencial carcinogênico (18,20,50). A deficiência nutricional crônica e a baixa ingestão de frutas e hortaliças também podem ser considerados como fatores de alto risco para o surgimento de câncer da cavidade bucal e orofaringe (20,23).…”