O primeiro na linha sucessória: uma revisão de escopo da literatura sobre a vice-presidência na América Latina

Abstract

Resumo: A história recente tem demonstrado que o vice-presidente é um ator relevante no cenário político, não somente no Brasil, mas também nos demais países da América Latina. Alguns estudos têm se debruçado sobre a vice-presidência, mas o interesse da área sobre o assunto é relativamente recente. Para dar mais visibilidade ao tema, o objetivo deste artigo é mapear a literatura, apontar os achados e indicar linhas de pesquisa em aberto. Para isso, utilizou-se como instrumento metodológico a revisão de escopo, técnica que aplica protocolos transparentes e replicáveis no levantamento e seleção de trabalhos. No geral, a literatura tem tratado de aspectos institucionais da vice-presidência, os processos decisórios dos atores na arena eleitoral e a questão sucessória. A agenda de pesquisa futura aponta a necessidade de a literatura aprofundar as investigações sobre as negociações interpartidárias na nomeação de candidatos à vice-presidência, bem como o desempenho do vice no governo e a tendência crescente de vice-presidentes mulheres.

Do political duos diminish discriminatory voter preferences? Evidence from a combined conjoint experiment

“…This is because while making individual decisions forces parties and citizens to reveal their biased preferences, this is not necessarily the case when choosing two (or more). From the elite perspective, we know that in presidential systems the composition of the presidential duo is influenced by a so-called balancing strategy (Lopes, 2020; Pignataro and Taylor-Robinson, 2019; Uggla, 2020). This strategy assumes that selectors choose vice-presidents with the intention that they complement the profile of presidents based on various criteria such as ideology (Uggla, 2020), gender (Lopes, 2020), geography (Lopes, 2020) and policy expertise (Pignataro and Taylor-Robinson, 2019).…”

“…From the elite perspective, we know that in presidential systems the composition of the presidential duo is influenced by a so-called balancing strategy (Lopes, 2020; Pignataro and Taylor-Robinson, 2019; Uggla, 2020). This strategy assumes that selectors choose vice-presidents with the intention that they complement the profile of presidents based on various criteria such as ideology (Uggla, 2020), gender (Lopes, 2020), geography (Lopes, 2020) and policy expertise (Pignataro and Taylor-Robinson, 2019). This modus operandi resonates with the ticket-balancing strategies of parties in which they pick candidates that represent distinct voter groups for their electoral lists or design the composition of the government (Annesley and Gains, 2010; Franceschet and Thomas, 2015).…”

“…This means that parties propose a combination of candidates with profiles attractive to different segments of the electorate. In this sense, it has been found that age, race and even ideology are elements to be considered when designing the candidate pair (Lopes, 2020; Pignataro and Taylor-Robinson, 2019; Uggla, 2020). This argument is very much in line with the ticket-balancing strategy that parties in PR systems use when designing their lists (Hennl and Kaiser, 2008).…”