Perfil de sensibilidade de Staphylococcus spp. e Streptococcus spp. isolados de brinquedos de brinquedoteca de um hospital de ensino

Abstract

Objective:To evaluate the presence of microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus on toys in the playroom of a teaching hospital, as well to as analyze the antimicrobial resistance from isolated strains. Methods:Samples were collected from 60 toys, using wet swabs, soon after being used by the children. The samples were inoculated in enriched and selective agar for isolation and later identification of the microorganisms. Antibiogram testing was performed by agar diffusion technique. Results:The genus Staphylococcus was present in 87.0% (52/60) of the toys. Seventy-three strains were isolated, with 29.0% (21/73) coagulase-positive and 71.0% (52/73) coagulasenegative. Among the coagulase-negative strains, 90.4% were resistant to penicillin, 65.4% to oxacillin, 28.8% to clarithromycin, 61.5% to clindamycin, and none to vancomycin. Among the coagulase-positive strains, 76.2% were resistant to penicillin, 23.8% to oxacillin, 23.8% to clarithromycin, 47.6% to clindamycin, and none to vancomycin. The genus Streptococcus was not detected in any of the evaluated toys. Conclusions:Toys can be contaminated with potentially pathogenic bacteria with antimicrobial resistance, representing a possible source of nosocomial infection for patients who are already debilitated.

Avaliação microbiológica de superfícies em terapia intensiva: reflexões sobre as estratégias preventivas de infecções nosocomiais [Microbiological evaluation of surfaces in intensive care: thinking about nosocomial infection prevention strategies] [Evaluación microbiológica de superficies en cuidados intensivos: reflexiones sobre las estrategias preventivas de infecciones nosocomiales]

“…Falhas decorrentes do processo de limpeza e desinfecção das superfícies também podem levar à permanência destas bactérias nas superfícies examinadas. Estudo recente demonstrou que mesmo frente em outros estudos, a frequência do Staphylococcus também foi bastante acentuada nestas superfícies tendo como possível explicação o frequente manuseio deste tipo de equipamento [19][20][21] . Estes Staphylococci são parte constituinte da microbiota normal da pele humana.…”

“…Estes Staphylococci são parte constituinte da microbiota normal da pele humana. No entanto, tem sido relatado o crescente número de infecções causadas por S. epidermidis, seguidos de S. hominis, S. haemolyticus e S. capitis, na maioria das vezes multirresistentes a antimicrobianos 20 .…”

Hygiene of Toys in Day Care Centers: a Care With Children

“…Although we identify some research on the hygiene of toys in health settings [6,16], the study of their use related to teaching and learning also needs special attention, since it is known that day care centers are considered important sites for direct transmission and indirect use of infectious microorganisms [4,[10][11][12][17][18].…”

“…Studies on bacteriological conditions and their pathogenic potential in toys and in the hands of children in the hospital and outpatient settings highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate product for cleaning and disinfection [3][4][5][6].…”

“…There are records of occurrences of various infectious outbreaks in day care centers by different dissemination vehicles (hands, toys, food, clothing) [4,5,10] and different types of microorganisms [4][5][6]11].…”