Trends in Extreme Climate Indices for Pará State, Brazil

Santos, Carlos Antônio Costa dos; Oliveira, Verônica Gabriella de

doi:10.1590/0102-778632120150053

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In order to investigate climatic indices in different regions of Brazil and South America, several studies have been performed (Santos and Brito, 2007;Santos et al, 2009;Satyamurty et al, 2010;Teixeira and Satyamurty, 2011;Skansi et al, 2013;Oliveira et al, 2017;Santos and Oliveira, 2017). However, most of these studies have focused on specific regions in AMZ or NEB and have not considered interregional differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation and air temperature extremes in the Amazon and northeast Brazil

Silva

Spyrides

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The occurrence of extreme climate events (ECEs) in the Amazon basin (AMZ) and northeast Brazil (NEB), such as torrential rains and severe droughts, varies in both spatial and temporal scales. Spatial analysis of trends allows observing changes in behaviour and determining in which regions a particular variable has been experiencing changes over time. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyse trends of 21 climate extremes indices, relative to maximum and minimum precipitation and temperature, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization, for the AMZ and NEB. The 21 indices were selected according to meteorological and climate characteristics of the regions. Through annual analysis it was possible to observe an increase in most of the climate extremes indices for air temperature in all AMZ and NEB subregions. As for extreme precipitation, only a few of the selected indices presented significant increase and/or decrease in their values. Overall, the eastern Amazon subregion in the AMZ presented the highest significant indices for temperature and precipitation. In NEB, both Northern Coast and Southern Coast subregions presented substantial increase or decrease in precipitation and temperature indices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation and air temperature extremes in the Amazon and northeast Brazil

Silva

Spyrides

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…This normative control restricts the boundaries and growth of the expansion of commercial crops, based on the trade-off that Honey production brings to the planning of the local rural economic development [37]. Adding to the threats to Honey production in the region, dos Santos and de Oliveira have found that temperatures in Para have risen in recent years and see the change in the natural landscape as the cause for the increased temperatures [40]. Clearing of the rainforests will increase the dry seasons [41], which harms the flora and, therefore, impacts the Honey production negatively [19].…”

Section: Quilombola Production and Logisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quilombo Communities and Opportunities for Market-Driven Mechanisms for the Protection of the Amazon Forest

Kanele¹,

Castro²

2021

Ecosystem and Biodiversity of Amazonia

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Quilombos are communities created since colonial times by emancipated African-descendants who located their free communities in the deep forest north of the Amazon in Brazil. These vulnerable communities are still oppressed and neglected. Paradoxically, their actual economic activities based on Amazon products’ extraction are becoming key for protecting the rainforest in the north of Brazil (state of Para). In this chapter, the analysis of Honey production illustrates their socio-economical context, organizational capabilities, and the potential of their economic activities to preserve the rainforest’s integrity. It also illustrates the challenges and limitations that they face to access markets where the value of their products’ attributes is appreciated based on the profile of blue businesses (e.g., fair trade, organic, rainforest friendly).

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“…We use Pará from the Amazon biome as the targeted area of supply chain interventions and Tocantins from the Cerrado as the representative of the spillover system ( Figure 2), because these two states have experienced drastic land use changes and are in the agricultural frontiers in the two biomes. The area of Pará is 1,247,690 km 2 , 14% of the Brazilian territory (Santos and Oliveira, 2017) and 64% of which was covered by forest in 2015 (i.e., 794,383 km 2 of forest in 2015 based on INPE data). The population of Pará is 7.8 million in 2012, ranking ninth in the country.…”

Section: Applying the Telecoupling Framework To Deforestation In The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spillover effect offsets the conservation effort in the Amazon

et al. 2018

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Diverse conservation efforts have been expanding around the globe, even under the stress of increasing agricultural production. A striking example is the supply-chain agreements put upon the Amazon forest which had reduced deforestation by 80% from the early 2000s (27,772 km 2) to 2015 (6207 km 2). However, evaluation of these conservation efforts usually focused on the impacts within the Amazon biome only, while the effects that spill over to other areas (e.g., displacement of environmental pressure from one area to another) were rarely considered. Ignoring spillover effects may lead to biased or even wrong conclusions about the effectiveness of these conservation efforts because the hidden cost outside the target area of conservation may offset the achievement within it. It is thus important to assess the spillover effects of these supply-chain agreements. In this study, we used the two supply-chain agreements (i.e., Soy Moratorium and zero-deforestation beef agreement) implemented in the Amazon biome as examples and evaluated their spillover effects to the Cerrado. To achieve a holistic evaluation of the spillover effects, we adopted the telecoupling framework in our analysis. The application of the telecoupling framework includes the interactions between distant systems and extends the analytical boundaries beyond the signatory areas, which fill the gap of previous studies. Our results indicate that the supply-chain agreements have significantly reduced deforestation by half compared to projections within the sending system (i.e., Pará State in the Amazon, which exports soybeans and other agricultural products), but at the cost of increasing deforestation in the spillover system (i.e., a 6.6 time increase in Tocantins State of the Cerrado, where deforestation was affected by interactions between the Amazon and other places). Our study emphasizes that spillover effects should be considered in the evaluation and planning of conservation efforts, for which the telecoupling framework works as a useful tool to do that systematically.

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Trends in Extreme Climate Indices for Pará State, Brazil

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Precipitation and air temperature extremes in the Amazon and northeast Brazil

Precipitation and air temperature extremes in the Amazon and northeast Brazil

Quilombo Communities and Opportunities for Market-Driven Mechanisms for the Protection of the Amazon Forest

Spillover effect offsets the conservation effort in the Amazon

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