The reproductive biology of the early-divergent genus Anaxagorea (Annonaceae), and its significance for the evolutionary development of the family

Gottsberger, Gerhard

doi:10.1590/0102-33062015abb0311

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Annona, Asimina, Cymbopetalum, Duguetia, Fusaea, Malmea, Porcelia, Uvariodendron). The earliest divergent genus of the Annonaceae, Anaxagorea (Scharaschkin & Doyle 2005;2006), is pollinated by small nitidulid beetles (Webber 1996;Armstrong & Marsh 1997;Teichert et al 2011;Braun & Gottsberger 2011;Gottsberger 2012;2016b). The family Annonaceae itself seems to have originated in the Cretaceous (Pirie & Doyle 2012) and supposedly was initially associated with small nitidulid beetles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritious tissue in petals of Annonaceae and its function in pollination by scarab beetles

Gottsberger

Webber

2018

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Th e feeding of pollinating dynastid-scarab beetles on nutritious tissue of Annonaceae fl owers results in macroscopically visible gnawing marks on petals. In the present paper, we present and discuss examples of such gnawing marks on Annonaceae from the Cerrado and the Amazon Forest in Brazil. Th e localization of gnawing marks on the petals and the histochemistry of the nutritious tissues are emphasized. In some species, nutritious tissue is apparently distributed among all petals, while in other species it is more or less diff usely localized. Th ere are also cases in which nutritious tissue occurs only on clearly localized regions of the inner petals. Petals of selected Amazon species were stained, and studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Th e nutritious tissue consists of cells with mucilagerich walls, which contain starch, lipids and/or tannins. Starch and lipids are not only energy-rich food for the beetles but are apparently also "fuel" for metabolic heating of the fl owers, which is a further benefi t for the pollinators inside the pollination chamber.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritious tissue in petals of Annonaceae and its function in pollination by scarab beetles

Gottsberger

Webber

2018

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…6F). Some Anaxagorea species have dehiscent monocarps with ballistic dispersal of non-arillate seeds over distances up to 5 m [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated diversification correlated with functional traits shapes extant diversity of the early divergent angiosperm family Annonaceae

Xue

Guo

Landis

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background A major goal of phylogenetic systematics is to understand both the patterns of diversification and the processes by which these patterns are formed. Few studies have focused on the ancient, species-rich Magnoliales clade and its diversification pattern. Within Magnoliales, the pantropically distributed Annonaceae are by far the most genus-rich and species-rich family-level clade, with c. 110 genera and c. 2,400 species. We investigated the diversification patterns across Annonaceae and identified traits that show varied associations with diversification rates using a time-calibrated phylogeny of 835 species (34.6% sampling) and 11,211 aligned bases from eight regions of the plastid genome (rbcL, matK, ndhF, psbA-trnH, trnL-F, atpB-rbcL, trnS-G, and ycf1). Two hypotheses that might explain patterns of diversification—the ‘museum model’ and heterogeneous diversification rates—are also evaluated. Results Twelve rate shifts were identified using BAMM: in Annona, Artabotrys, Asimina, Drepananthus, Duguetia, Goniothalamus, Guatteria, Uvaria, Xylopia, the tribes Miliuseae and Malmeeae, and the Desmos-Dasymaschalon-Friesodielsia-Monanthotaxis clade (which collectively account for over 80% of the total species richness in the family). TurboMEDUSA and method-of-moments estimator analyses showed largely congruent results. A positive relationship between species richness and diversification rate is revealed using PGLS. We further explore the possible role of selected traits (habit, pollinator trapping, floral sex expression, pollen dispersal unit, anther septation, and seed dispersal unit) in shaping diversification patterns, based on inferences of BiSSE, MuSSE, HiSSE, and FiSSE analyses. Our results suggest that the liana habit, the presence of circadian pollinator trapping, androdioecy, and the dispersal of seeds as single-seeded monocarp fragments are closely correlated with higher diversification rates; pollen aggregation and anther septation, in contrast, are associated with lower diversification rates. Conclusion Our results show that the high species richness in Annonaceae is likely the result of recent increased diversification rather than the steady accumulation of species via the ‘museum model’. BAMM, turboMEDUSA, and the method-of-moments estimator all indicate heterogeneity in diversification rates across the phylogeny, with different traits associated with shifts in diversification rates in different Annonaceae clades.

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“…Gottsberger has suggested that the beetle‐pollinated fruit‐scented flowers likely mimic fruit substrates in the surrounding environment, which the duped beetle pollinators are seeking as food or brood sites (e.g. Gottsberger, , ). It is possible that the thick, fleshy floral organs in many Annonaceae mimic visual and mechanosensory fruit cues, instead of (or in addition to) functioning as a mechanical defense against beetle damage of reproductive structures, as is often postulated in examples of classic ‘beetle pollination syndrome’ (Baker & Hurd, ).…”

Section: Potential For Specialization Within a Broader System Of Fruimentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination systems involving floral mimicry of fruit: aspects of their ecology and evolution

Goodrich

Jürgens

2017

New Phytologist

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Floral mimicry of nonfloral resources is found across many angiosperm families, with mimicry of varied models including carrion, dung, fungi, insects and fruit. These systems provide excellent models to investigate the role of visual and olfactory cues for the ecology and evolution of plant-animal interactions. Interestingly, floral mimicry of fruit is least documented in the literature, although ripe or rotting fruits play an important role as a food or brood site in many insect groups such as Diptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera, and frugivorous vertebrates such as bats and birds. In ecosystems where fruit represents a frequent, reliable resource (e.g. tropical forests), this form of floral mimicry could represent a common mimicry class with specialization possible along multiple axes such as fruit of different species, stages of ripeness and microbial colonization. In this review, we summarize current research on floral mimicry of fruit. We place this review in the context of floral mimicry of a broader spectrum of nonfloral resources, and we discuss conceptual frameworks of mimicry vs generalized food deception or pre-existing sensory bias. Finally, we briefly review the specificity and complexity of fruit-insect ecological interactions, and we summarize important considerations and questions for moving forward in this field.

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The reproductive biology of the early-divergent genus Anaxagorea (Annonaceae), and its significance for the evolutionary development of the family

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Nutritious tissue in petals of Annonaceae and its function in pollination by scarab beetles

Nutritious tissue in petals of Annonaceae and its function in pollination by scarab beetles

Accelerated diversification correlated with functional traits shapes extant diversity of the early divergent angiosperm family Annonaceae

Pollination systems involving floral mimicry of fruit: aspects of their ecology and evolution

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