Suicide rates between men and women in Brazil, 2000-2017

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the trend in the standardized suicide rates by gender, according to Brazil’s geographic regions from 2000 to 2017. Mortality data were retrieved from the Brazilian Mortality Information System database. Linear regression models were used, and Durbin-Watson tests were applied to detect the independence of the residues, as well as Prais-Winsten to control serial autocorrelation. We classified the trends as increasing, decreasing, and stable at 5% significance level. The standardized rate of deaths by suicide for men increased by 75%, from 6.5 to 11.3 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. For women, the increase was 85%, from 1.6 to 3.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. We found a gradual increase in the standardized suicide rates in all regions for both genders. The growth magnitude of suicide rates in the South is twice for women, whereas for the Northeast it is greater for men. The South and the Central-West regions presented the highest rates, whereas the North the lowest. The trend of standardized rates of suicide is linear and significantly increasing for Brazil and its total geographic regions for both genders. Male and female suicide rates indicate different risk rates according to gender.

Differential impact in suicide mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

“… 34 Despite being a region with higher HDI than the North and Northeast, 27 the Center-West has had the highest suicide rates in Brazil in recent years. 21 Some socio-cultural factors may potentially be associated with this finding. This region is at the forefront of the national agricultural economy.…”

“…Brazil already had large socioeconomic disparities, a high prevalence of mental health disorders, 19 and rising suicide rates before the pandemic. 20 , 21 There is a complex interaction between socioeconomic and other risk factors, including the emergence of mental health disorders and health and environmental crises. Altogether, these factors can ultimately lead to an increase in suicide rates in some groups.…”

Availability of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Public Health Services in the Last Decade in Brazil

“…In Brazil, the suicide mortality rate has been increasing since 2000 despite significant improvements in economic inequality from 2000 to 2014. 21 Electroconvulsive therapy reduces the risk of suicide, improves functional outcomes and quality of life, and reduces hospitalization rates. 22 For specific populations, the results indicate faster improvements in depressive, psychotic, and catatonic symptoms.…”

“…Untreated depressive and psychotic disorders are associated with high suicide and hospitalization rates. In Brazil, the suicide mortality rate has been increasing since 2000 despite significant improvements in economic inequality from 2000 to 2014 21 . Electroconvulsive therapy reduces the risk of suicide, improves functional outcomes and quality of life, and reduces hospitalization rates 22 .…”

A Atuação Dos Profissionais Da Atenção Primária À Saúde No Atendimento Às Demandas De Comportamento Suicida

“…A taxa de ideação suicida, pensamentos que traçam planejamento para a execução do ato suicida, bem como a taxa de tentativas de suicídio não consumado são maiores para o gênero feminino. Enquanto mulheres tem propensão três vezes maior para a tentativa de suicídio que os homens, os homens são de duas a quatro vezes mais propensos a terem sucesso e morrerem por uma tentativa de suicídio (PALMA et al, 2021).…”