Characteristics associated with media use in early adolescence

Godinho, José; Araújo, Joana; Barros, Henrique; Ramos, Elisabete

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00100313

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Regardless, it is worth mentioning that prior studies that have differentiated ST type have been overall quite inconsistent. Godinho et al (2014) found no significant association of television or computer ST with depressive symptoms in male adolescents. Casiano et al (2012) found no effect of television ST and an inverse relationship between video game playing time and depressive risk in adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Screen Time on School Days and Risks for Psychiatric Symptoms and Self-Harm in Mainland Chinese Adolescents

Liu

Ming

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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Objective: To investigate associations of television and of video game or non-educational computer use (VG/CU) exposure volumes in a typical school day with psychiatric symptoms and suicidal ideation/self-injurious behavior (self-harm), in mainland Chinese adolescents.Methods: Secondary school pupils (N = 13,659; mean age: 15.18 ± 1.89) from 10 urban areas sampled from different regions of mainland China were recruited. The subjects were divided into the following four screen exposure volume groups for television and VG/CU respectively based on a self-administered questionnaire: 0 h/day, >0 to ≤1 h/day, >1 to ≤2 h/day, and >2 h/day. Demographic and psychiatric symptoms were recorded for each respondent. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for several types of psychological problems and self-harm were calculated.Results: More than 2 h per school day television watching was associated with higher risk of depression in both boys (OR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.02–1.73) and girls (OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.19–2.21), of anxiety in boys (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.05–1.95), of general emotional, behavioral, and social problems (GEBSPs; OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.01–2.39), and of oppositional defiant problems (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.09–2.50) in girls, compared with no television exposure. Conversely, television exposure of no more than 1 h per school day was associated with lower self-harm risk in boys (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.67–0.99) compared with no television exposure. High school day VG/CU time (>2 h) compared with no VG/CU were associated with higher risks of anxiety (OR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.06–1.86) and of attention deficit/hyperactivity problems (ADHPs; OR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.02–2.38) in boys. And any school day VG/CU exposure was associated with higher risks of self-harm and all other psychiatric problems in boys and all psychiatric problems (including anxiety and ADHPs) in girls (ORs, 1.44–3.69), compared to no VG/CU exposure.Conclusion: For secondary school students, associations of psychiatric problems and self-harm were more strongly associated with exposure to VG/CU than with exposure to television. The findings suggest that VG/CU and television exposure on weekdays should be considered in psychiatric interventions for adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Screen Time on School Days and Risks for Psychiatric Symptoms and Self-Harm in Mainland Chinese Adolescents

Liu

Ming

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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“…Twenty-four ST studies [ 113 , 114 , 117 , 119 , 121 , 122 , 126 – 128 , 130 , 136 – 138 , 140 , 142 – 144 , 148 – 150 , 153 , 155 , 157 , 159 ] and 10 GT studies [ 123 , 125 , 131 – 133 , 139 , 145 , 147 , 160 , 161 ] reported at least one association with a psychological outcome that was not statistically significant. However, where statistically significant associations were reported, ST exposures were generally associated with unfavourable psychological outcomes ( n = 32 studies), while GT exposures were typically associated with favourable psychological outcomes ( n = 8 studies).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In examining key variables used in ST analyses, a number of studies reported that poor sleep [ 68 , 72 , 87 , 169 ], reduced physical activity [ 90 , 118 , 174 , 203 ], and less in-person social interactions [ 67 , 72 , 197 ] were potential mediators between ST and a range of psychological outcomes. Furthermore, a number of studies reported that associations were found to differ by child sex [ 80 , 88 , 99 , 106 , 115 , 117 , 119 , 128 , 130 , 134 , 141 , 143 , 155 – 157 , 164 , 170 , 174 , 177 , 183 , 190 , 196 , 205 , 214 , 220 , 224 , 225 ] and age [ 85 , 93 , 115 , 186 , 215 , 223 ]. As summarised in Fig 4 , age and sex potentially confound associations as they independently affect both ST and psychological well-being, while the lifestyle variables are thought to be pathways through which elevated ST operates to impact on psychological well-being.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological impacts of “screen time” and “green time” for children and adolescents: A systematic scoping review

et al. 2020

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Technological developments in recent decades have increased young people's engagement with screen-based technologies (screen time), and a reduction in young people's contact with nature (green time) has been observed concurrently. This combination of high screen time and low green time may affect mental health and well-being. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to collate evidence assessing associations between screen time, green time, and psychological outcomes (including mental health, cognitive functioning, and academic achievement) for young children (<5 years), schoolchildren (5-11 years), early adolescents (12-14 years), and older adolescents (15-18 years). Original quantitative studies were identified in four databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, Embase), resulting in 186 eligible studies. A third of included studies were undertaken in Europe and almost as many in the United States. The majority of studies were cross-sectional (62%). In general, high levels of screen time appeared to be associated with unfavourable psychological outcomes while green time appeared to be associated with favourable psychological outcomes. The ways screen time and green time were conceptualised and measured were highly heterogeneous, limiting the ability to synthesise the literature. The preponderance of cross-sectional studies with broadly similar findings, despite heterogeneous exposure measures, suggested results were not artefacts. However, additional high-quality longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials are needed to make a compelling case for causal relationships. Different developmental stages appeared to shape which exposures and outcomes were salient. Young people from low socioeconomic backgrounds may be disproportionately affected by high screen time and low green time. Future research should distinguish between passive and interactive screen activities, and incidental versus purposive exposure to nature. Few studies considered screen time and green time together, and possible reciprocal psychological effects. However, there is preliminary evidence that green time could buffer consequences of high screen time, therefore nature may be an under-utilised public health resource for youth psychological well-being in a high-tech era.

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“…Four studies 25 26 29 30 (7 reports) were used for the dose–response analysis. The analysis showed a curvilinear relationship between ST and risk of depression (p<0.001 for non-linearity; figure 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 47 50 Data were extracted from eligible studies that reported multiple levels of ST with corresponding ORs and 95% CIs, as well as distributions of cases and controls. Two studies 25 29 reported only multiple levels of ST with distributions of cases and controls, and we computed unadjusted ORs and 95% CIs of their data based on the exposure distributions of cases and controls. The crude ORs reported in this meta-analysis are within 10% of the adjusted ORs, indicating that they are approximately equal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose–response association of screen time-based sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents and depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies

2015

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BackgroundDepression represents a growing public health burden. Understanding how screen time (ST) in juveniles may be associated with risk of depression is critical for the development of prevention and intervention strategies. Findings from studies addressing this question thus far have been inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of data related to this question.MethodsThe meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guideline. We searched the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO systematically (up to 6 May 2015). OR was adopted as the pooled measurement of association between ST and depression risk. Dose–response was estimated by a generalised least squares trend estimation.ResultsTwelve cross-sectional studies and four longitudinal studies (including 1 cohort study) involving a total of 127 714 participants were included. Overall, higher ST in preadolescent children and adolescents was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression (OR=1.12; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.22). Screen type, age, population and reference category acted as significant moderators. Compared with the reference group who had no ST, there was a non-linear dose–response association of ST with a decreasing risk of depression at ST<2 h/day, with the lowest risk being observed for 1 h/day (OR=0.88; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.93).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis suggests that ST in children and adolescents is associated with depression risk in a non-linear dose–response manner.

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Characteristics associated with media use in early adolescence

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Screen Time on School Days and Risks for Psychiatric Symptoms and Self-Harm in Mainland Chinese Adolescents

Screen Time on School Days and Risks for Psychiatric Symptoms and Self-Harm in Mainland Chinese Adolescents

Psychological impacts of “screen time” and “green time” for children and adolescents: A systematic scoping review

Dose–response association of screen time-based sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents and depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies

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