AmostraBrasil: um pacote R para amostragem domiciliar em municípios brasileiros

Cordeiro, Ricardo; Stephan, Celso; Donalísio, Maria Rita

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00069516

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The selection of the participants was conducted in two stages. First, we randomly selected the CT (sampling units) in the strata (first stage) and next (second stage), the households (including all residents in the study age group) within the CT using the free R [21] package Amostra Brasil for household sampling (with their respective geographic coordinates) in Brazilian municipalities from the IBGE database [22]. Fig 1 shows the spatial distribution of the household sampled by socioeconomic strata in the city.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika at the epicenter of the congenital microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil: a population-based survey

Braga

Martelli

Souza

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The Dengue viruses (DENV) serotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 were re-introduced in the Northeast Brazil from the 1980’s until 2010’s. Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses were introduced around 2014 and caused large outbreaks in 2015 and 2016. However, the true extent of the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks and the risk factors associated with exposure remain vague. Methods We conducted a stratified multistage household serosurvey among residents aged between 5 and 65 years in the city of Recife, Northeastern Brazil, from August 2018 to February 2019. The city neighborhoods were stratified according to high, intermediate, and low socioeconomic strata (SES). Previous ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV infections were detected by IgG based enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) . Recent ZIKV and CHIKV infections were assessed through IgG3 and IgM ELISA, respectively. Design-adjusted seroprevalence were estimated by age group, sex, and SES. The ZIKV seroprevalence was adjusted to account for the cross-reactivity with dengue. Individual and household-related risk factors were analyzed through regression models to calculate the force of infection. Odds Ratio (OR) were estimated as measure of effect. Principal findings A total of 2,070 residents were investigated. The forces of infection for high SES were lower for all three viruses as compared to low SES. Overall, DENV seroprevalence was 88.7% (CI95%:87.0-90.4), (81.2% (CI95%:76.9-85.6) in the high SES and 90.7% (CI95%:88.3-93.2) in the low). The overall adjusted ZIKV seroprevalence was 34.6% (CI95%:20.0-50.9), (47.4% (CI95%:31.8-61.5) in the low SES and 23.4% (CI95%:12.2-33.8) in the high). CHIKV seroprevalence was 35.7% (CI95%:32.6-38.9), (38.6% (CI95%:33.6-43.6) in the low SES and 22.3% (CI95%:15.8-28.8) in the high). ZIKV seroprevalence increased with age while CHIKV seroprevalence was almost constant through age. The serological markers of recent infections for ZIKV and CHIKV were 1.5% (CI95%:0.1-3.7) and 3.5% (CI95%:2.7-4.2) respectively. Conclusions Our results confirmed continued DENV transmission and intense ZIKV and CHIKV transmission during the 2015/2016 epidemics followed by ongoing low-level transmission. The study also highlights that a significant proportion of the population is likely still susceptible to be infected by ZIKV and CHIKV, raising questions on herd immunity and antibody detection thresholds and the reasons underlying cease of the ZIKV epidemic in 2017/18.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika at the epicenter of the congenital microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil: a population-based survey

Braga

Martelli

Souza

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika at the epicenter of the congenital microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil: A population-based survey

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The four Dengue viruses (DENV) serotypes were re-introduced in Brazil’s Northeast region in a couple of decades, between 1980’s and 2010’s, where the DENV1 was the first detected serotype and DENV4 the latest. Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses were introduced in Recife around 2014 and led to large outbreaks in 2015 and 2016, respectively. However, the true extent of the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks, as well as the risk factors associated with exposure to these viruses remain vague. Methods We conducted a stratified multistage household serosurvey among residents aged between 5 and 65 years in the city of Recife, Northeast Brazil, from August 2018 to February 2019. The city neighborhoods were stratified and divided into high, intermediate, and low socioeconomic strata (SES). Previous ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV infections were detected by IgG-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Recent ZIKV and CHIKV infections were assessed through IgG3 and IgM ELISA, respectively. Design-adjusted seroprevalence were estimated by age group, sex, and SES. The ZIKV seroprevalence was adjusted to account for the cross-reactivity with dengue. Individual and household-related risk factors were analyzed through regression models to calculate the force of infection. Odds Ratio (OR) were estimated as measure of effect. Principal findings A total of 2,070 residents’ samples were collected and analyzed. The force of viral infection for high SES were lower as compared to low and intermediate SES. DENV seroprevalence was 88.7% (CI95%:87.0–90.4), and ranged from 81.2% (CI95%:76.9–85.6) in the high SES to 90.7% (CI95%:88.3–93.2) in the low SES. The overall adjusted ZIKV seroprevalence was 34.6% (CI95%:20.0–50.9), and ranged from 47.4% (CI95%:31.8–61.5) in the low SES to 23.4% (CI95%:12.2–33.8) in the high SES. The overall CHIKV seroprevalence was 35.7% (CI95%:32.6–38.9), and ranged from 38.6% (CI95%:33.6–43.6) in the low SES to 22.3% (CI95%:15.8–28.8) in the high SES. Surprisingly, ZIKV seroprevalence rapidly increased with age in the low and intermediate SES, while exhibited only a small increase with age in high SES. CHIKV seroprevalence according to age was stable in all SES. The prevalence of serological markers of ZIKV and CHIKV recent infections were 1.5% (CI95%:0.1–3.7) and 3.5% (CI95%:2.7–4.2), respectively. Conclusions Our results confirmed continued DENV transmission and intense ZIKV and CHIKV transmission during the 2015/2016 epidemics followed by ongoing low-level transmission. The study also highlights that a significant proportion of the population is still susceptible to be infected by ZIKV and CHIKV. The reasons underlying a ceasing of the ZIKV epidemic in 2017/18 and the impact of antibody decay in susceptibility to future DENV and ZIKV infections may be related to the interplay between disease transmission mechanism and actual exposure in the different SES.

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AmostraBrasil: um pacote R para amostragem domiciliar em municípios brasileiros

Abstract: Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições, desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado.

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika at the epicenter of the congenital microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil: a population-based survey

Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika at the epicenter of the congenital microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil: a population-based survey

Seroprevalence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika at the epicenter of the congenital microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil: A population-based survey

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