Social policy and health policy in Latin America: a field of political struggle

Laurell, Äsa Cristina

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00043916

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…[…] La segunda dimensión hace referencia al sistema de salud y a las políticas del sector, donde el Estado es el sujeto obligado para proteger, promover y satisfacer este derecho, dotándolo de contenido político, jurídico, normativo y programático a través de las diversas instancias de la administración pública" (43, p7-8) En Latinoamérica, en los últimos siglos se han dado cambios sociopolíticos y económicos que han llevado a reformas en sus sistemas de salud. Como lo señala Laurell (44), la política de salud tiene dos grandes patrones: el de Cobertura Universal en Salud (CUS) o "pluralismo estructurado", que es un modelo promovido por el Estado neoliberal, y el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS), que corresponde al Estado social. El objetivo de la CUS es introducir el mercado y la competencia, tanto en la administración de fondos y compra de servicios como en la prestación de los servicios médicos; en ambos casos se introducen agentes privados y públicos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La misma autora también señala que tanto los gobiernos-Estados neoliberales como los gobiernos-Estados sociales de izquierda o progresistas han tenido problemas para instrumentar la política de salud que parecería corresponder a sus idearios político-ideológicos. Las razones de ello son variadas, complejas y de orden económico, político, institucional e ideológico (44).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La lucha por la salud como un derecho ciudadano no es compatible con una concepción mercantil y restringida, por lo cual es importante movilizar la participación social y combatir la idea de que el sector privado puede disminuir la presión sobre el sector público. Esta idea segmenta el sistema de salud e incrementa la desigualdad en el acceso a los servicios requeridos y refuerza la concepción del sistema público como un sistema pobre para los pobres (44).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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El derecho a la salud y su impacto sanitario en Sudamérica. 2014-2015

et al. 2019

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Introducción. El derecho a la salud es reconocido constitucionalmente en Sudamérica; sin embargo, se desconoce si el respeto a este derecho tiene relación directa con los indicadores básicos de salud en la población.Objetivo. Hacer una aproximación al derecho a la salud en los países de Sudamérica.Materiales y métodos. A partir de la indagación del derecho a la salud en el marco constitucional y tratados internacionales adoptados en cada país, relacionándolo con algunos indicadores básicos en salud y teniendo en cuenta los conceptos de derecho constitucional y salud como servicio público, se realizó una revisión narrativa de tipo cualitativo de fuente secundaria indexada sobre las categorías “Derecho en salud dentro del marco legal en cada país” e “Indicadores Básicos en Salud”.Resultados. Los indicares básicos en salud comparados en los países de estudio son un reflejo de las políticas adoptadas que muestran su relación con el derecho a la salud en su contexto legislativo.Conclusiones. Las tendencias de los comportamientos sanitarios permitieron asociar los impactos encontrados con un avance positivo en el ejercicio del derecho sanitario.

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El derecho a la salud y su impacto sanitario en Sudamérica. 2014-2015

et al. 2019

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“…While the 'Health for All' paradigm underpinning UHS promotes healthcare as a human right in which access does not differ by people income, based on gratuity, solidarity, redistribution and universality, insurance models are mainly grounded on financial criteria, according to individuals' income and ability to pay for it. Focused on disease and care, insurance schemes reinforce segregation, segmentation and the lack of effective access for the poor (Laurell, 2017;Waitzkin, 2014). A policy of universal healthcare provision, on the other hand, 'dictates that the government guarantees the actual provision of healthcare services to everyone, irrespective of income, status, etc.'…”

Section: Insurance Is No Right To Health Nor Access To Healthcarementioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic momentum for health systems financialisation: Under the cloaks of Universal Health Coverage

Cabello¹

2021

Global Public Health

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Although a highly ambiguous and contested idea, Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is the hegemonic concept in international debates on health system reforms. States' difficulties to provide adequate and comprehensive response to people's health needs arising from the COVID-19 pandemic strengthened the impetus for UHC implementation. But while featured as the way to achieve justice in health, analyses of UHC-kind reform experiences since the 1990s show that it may be comprehended rather as a new facet of neoliberalism in the health policies' arena. Its insurance arrangements are aimed to finance packages of health goods and services for the poor, while states play mainly a role of public funds administrators, buying from public and private providers competing in the market. UHC contributes to health system fragmentation and segmentation, weakens public structures and opens new markets for corporations to capture public funds. COVID-19 pandemic subjected health systems to unforeseen stress, underscoring the crucial role that a well-funded public health system plays in people's lives. Assessing pandemic's challenges may be an opportunity to build more egalitarian health systems, based on dignity and not people's money. However, the unreflecting adoption of technocratic health paradigms and solutions may, instead, ultimately pave the way for further health financialisation and injustice.

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“…During this time of confronting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, these weaknesses will strongly impact their health systems, DOI: 10.1159/000512958 which, surely, will suffer the biggest impacts. This can be seen as a result of the alignment between the neoliberal measures in place and the precepts governing world macroeconomics [7][8][9]. The social effects will be even more aggressive in these countries because their economies are peripheral and dependent, which fatally puts their health systems at a disadvantage in the war against the pandemic.…”

Section: Inequities In Health and Fragile Systems: What Is The Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pandemic Health Crisis and Its Implications for Food and Nutritional Security in Latin America

Giordani

Costa

2020

Port J Public Health

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The inequalities in health are directly linked to food and to the nutritional profile; hunger and malnutrition, as well as overweight and obesity, increase in proportion to poverty. In the current COVID-19 pandemic scenario, social isolation measures implemented in several countries to prevent the collapse of health systems impose new rhythms on people’s lives and their daily routines, implying a reorganization of their vital structure and the necessary activities for its maintenance and reproduction. The restriction of circulation with the requirement to prepare food inside the home imposes food planning with options with some degree of industrial processing. In the diet of isolation, among the likely changes in food consumption models, there will certainly be an increase in ultraprocessed foods, mainly because containment measures have altered the dynamics of circulation and local trade of fresh products.

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Social policy and health policy in Latin America: a field of political struggle

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

El derecho a la salud y su impacto sanitario en Sudamérica. 2014-2015

El derecho a la salud y su impacto sanitario en Sudamérica. 2014-2015

Pandemic momentum for health systems financialisation: Under the cloaks of Universal Health Coverage

The Pandemic Health Crisis and Its Implications for Food and Nutritional Security in Latin America

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