Here we go again: the reemergence of anti-vaccine activism on the Internet

Camargo, Kenneth Rochel de

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00037620

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“… 40 There are many sources of misinformation, coupled with a feeling of disbelief in science, as demonstrated in the global antivaccine movement. 41 , 42 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Remote Consultation Services and Population in Health Inequity-Concentrating Territories: A Scoping Review

Silva

Síndico

Carneiro³

et al. 2021

Telemedicine and e-Health

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Background: This review aimed to map initiatives for measuring the satisfaction of vulnerable populations with teleconsultation services offered by public and private health care providers in their territories, during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Systematic studies on the opinions of people most affected by health inequities are limited. Therefore, we included evaluations of teleconsultation-based services offered to socioeconomically disadvantaged and clinically vulnerable populations globally, with a focus on surveillance, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This review includes analytical and descriptive observational studies primarily from MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases, published after the World Health Organization received the first warnings about COVID-19 from Chinese authorities in December, 2019, until December 2020. The search strategy combined aspects of COVID-19, telemedicine, patient satisfaction, and key concepts of vulnerable populations. Results:We selected 33 studies for full-text reading and 10 for critical appraisal. Two categories emerged from the qualitative analysis: telehealth evaluation and services during COVID-19, and opinions of vulnerable populations. Television and social networks play a crucial role in providing information. Although teleconsultations are practical and cost effective for patients, the majority preferred receiving inperson treatment in primary care clinics. Conclusions: Listening to the opinions of vulnerable groups and their caregivers is critical both before and during adoption of COVID-19 control measures. Health managers need to monitor the health of and delivery of services to socioeconomically and clinically vulnerable people closely, to improve services, and provide care from a human rights perspective.

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“… 40 There are many sources of misinformation, coupled with a feeling of disbelief in science, as demonstrated in the global antivaccine movement. 41 , 42 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Remote Consultation Services and Population in Health Inequity-Concentrating Territories: A Scoping Review

Silva

Síndico

Carneiro³

et al. 2021

Telemedicine and e-Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…110–111). Some argue that vaccine hesitancy in the developed world is currently driven by the circulation of misinformation on social media (Rochel de Camargo, 2020, p. 3; see Suarez-Lledo & Alvarez-Galvez, 2021 for a systematic review of studies of medical misinformation on social media), which could explain why under-vaccination and delayed vaccination have been rising for some time in the USA, and reached a level that has been described as a ‘cultural epidemic’ in Europe (McIntosh, Janda, Ehrich, Pettoello-Mantovani, & Somekh, 2016; Salmon, Dudley, Glanz, & Omer, 2015). Many studies have found a link between vaccine hesitancy and exposure to online anti-vaccination materials, as well as to the conspiracy theories that they so often promote (Ahmed, Quinn, Hancock, Freimuth, & Jamison, 2018; Dunn, Leask, Zhou, Mandl, & Coiera, 2015; 2017; Lyons, Merola, & Reifler, 2019; Wilson & Wiysonge, 2021), and associations between coronavirus vaccine hesitancy, coronavirus conspiracy beliefs and/or use of social media or non-mainstream media as an information source have been reported (Allington, Duffy, Wessely, Dhavan, & Rubin, 2020; 2021; Bertin, Nera, & Delouvée, 2020; Freeman et al, 2020; Jennings et al, 2021; McAndrew & Allington, 2020; Murphy, Vallières, Bentall, Shevlin, & McBride, 2020; Romer & Jamieson, 2020), with one recent study finding among people whose news diet is dominated by social media an association between conspiracy mentality and the intention to discourage coronavirus vaccination (Chadwick et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus conspiracy suspicions, general vaccine attitudes, trust and coronavirus information source as predictors of vaccine hesitancy among UK residents during the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2021

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BackgroundVaccine hesitancy presents an obstacle to the campaign to control COVID-19. It has previously been found to be associated with youth, female gender, low income, low education, low medical trust, minority ethnic group membership, low perceived risk from COVID-19, use of certain social media platforms, and conspiracy beliefs. However, it is unclear which of these predictors might explain variance associated with others. MethodsAn online survey was conducted with a representative sample of 4343 UK residents, aged 18 to 75, between 21 Nov and 21 Dec 2020. Predictors of vaccine hesitancy were assessed using linear rank-order models. ResultsCoronavirus vaccine hesitancy is associated with youth, female gender, low income, low education, high informational reliance on social media, low informational reliance on print and broadcast media, membership of other than white ethnic groups, low perceived risk from COVID-19, and low trust in scientists and medics, as well as (to a much lesser extent) low trust in government. Coronavirus conspiracy suspicions and general vaccine attitudes appear uniquely predictive, jointly explaining 35% of variance. Following controls for these variables, effects associated with trust, ethnicity, and social media reliance largely or completely disappear, while the effect associated with education is reversed. ConclusionsStrengthening positive attitudes to vaccination and reducing conspiracy suspicions with regard to the coronavirus may have a positive effect on vaccine uptake, especially among ethnic groups with heightened vaccine hesitancy. However, vaccine hesitancy associated with age and gender does not appear to be explained by other predictor variables tested here. This is an Accepted Manuscript for Psychological Medicine as part of the Cambridge Coronavirus Collection. Subject to change during the editing and production process.

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“…Amongst the barriers to universal vaccination, misinformation regarding the benefits, medicinal composition and adverse effects of vaccination limits patient understanding, and the increase in antivaccination movement was mainly caused by believes that vaccinations do more harm than good to children, especially in case of connecting vaccination with autism [ 10 ]. Furthermore, disappearance of some dangerous infectious diseases because of vaccination reduces motivation in the general population to take vaccine under excuse that diseases have been eradicated [ 11 ]. A reason for not taking vaccine, especially important in COVID-19 pandemic, is a view that vaccination is not necessary because good hygienic measures could substitute the need for vaccine [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Informations about COVID-19 Vaccine: From Implications to Intervention for Supporting Public Health Communications in COVID-19 Pandemic

Guljaš

Bosnić

Salha

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Lack of knowledge and mistrust towards vaccines represent a challenge in achieving the vaccination coverage required for population immunity. The aim of this study is to examine the opinion that specific demographic groups have about COVID-19 vaccination, in order to detect potential fears and reasons for negative attitudes towards vaccination, and to gain knowledge on how to prepare strategies to eliminate possible misinformation that could affect vaccine hesitancy. The data collection approach was based on online questionnaire surveys, divided into three groups of questions that followed the main postulates of the health belief theory—a theory that helps understanding a behaviour of the public in some concrete surrounding in receiving preventive measures. Ordinary least squares regression analyses were used to examine the influence of individual factors on refusing the vaccine, and to provide information on the perception of participants on the danger of COVID-19 infection, and on potential barriers that could retard the vaccine utility. There was an equal proportion of participants (total number 276) who planned on receiving the COVID-19 vaccine (37%), and of those who did not (36.3%). The rest (26.7%) of participants were still indecisive. Our results indicated that attitudes on whether to receive the vaccine, on how serious consequences might be if getting the infection, as well as a suspicious towards the vaccine efficacy and the fear of the vaccine potential side effects, may depend on participants’ age (<40 vs. >40 years) and on whether they are healthcare workers or not. The barriers that make participants‘ unsure about of receiving the vaccine, such as a distrust in the vaccine efficacy and safety, may vary in different socio-demographic groups and depending on which is the point of time in the course of the pandemic development, as well as on the vaccine availability and experience in using certain vaccine formulas. There is a pressing need for health services to continuously provide information to the general population, and to address the root causes of mistrust through improved communication, using a wide range of policies, interventions and technologies.

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Here we go again: the reemergence of anti-vaccine activism on the Internet

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

COVID-19 Remote Consultation Services and Population in Health Inequity-Concentrating Territories: A Scoping Review

COVID-19 Remote Consultation Services and Population in Health Inequity-Concentrating Territories: A Scoping Review

Coronavirus conspiracy suspicions, general vaccine attitudes, trust and coronavirus information source as predictors of vaccine hesitancy among UK residents during the COVID-19 pandemic

Lack of Informations about COVID-19 Vaccine: From Implications to Intervention for Supporting Public Health Communications in COVID-19 Pandemic

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