Recent months have witnessed widespread mobilization of women in numerous countries and fields, with various objectives. Feminist struggles were expressed in the marches protesting the explicitly misogynous U.S. President's inauguration and Brazilian women's resistance to further curtailment of Brazil's already limited right to abortion. The movement has branched out, exposing countless cases of sexual harassment and abuse. The women strengthened each other to speak out, sharing their experiences through MeToo (https:// twitter.com/hashtag/MeToo).Among scientists (and it could not logically be otherwise), allegations of abuse reveal the power relations between thesis supervisors and students, between senior and junior scientists, leading to situations just as serious as those mentioned above, hindering the academic careers of countless promising young women scientists 1 . These situations led the National Science Foundation to demand notification and adoption of measures to control harassment as a condition for the transfer of financial resources 2 .Even more subtle is the daily prejudice that we tend to deny, assuming that gender has no bearing on research evaluation. A recent review of gender bias in scientific journals identified women's underrepresentation, not only among authors, but especially among referees and editors 3 . The bias is not uniform: in the field of mathematics, women represent only 15% of the researchers and are even less represented as editors, with only 10% 4 . The situation is even more serious in the most prestigious scientific journals like Science. Based on the last authors listed in a sample of articles published in 2015, the share of women publishing in Science as either or junior or senior authors was one-third less than their overall percentage in academic institutions in the United States 5 .In Brazil, about half of the publications for the quadrennium 2011-2015 were written by women, a significant increase compared to 38% in the period 1996-2000. However, among the researchers who receive research productivity grants, destined by the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) to researchers, in order to value scientific production, women are more present at the lower levels 6 . In part, this difference can be explained as resulting from a cohort effect, but it may also be the reproduction of the same pattern observed in organizations in general. The proportion of women in upper-echelon executive positions is far lower than that of men, even in companies with a large female workforce.