Modeling sugarcane ripening as a function of meteorological variables The effect of meteorological variables on sugarcane ripening is a not very well known process in spite of the several impacts of that on the quality of the raw material for the sugarcane industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of meteorological variables on sugarcane ripening and based on that to establish models able to describe this process. The study was conducted in an area of the Raízen Group (former Cosan), in Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil, from March 2002 (planting) to October 2003. Eight sugarcane cultivars were evaluated by analyzing 32 samples collected from March to October 2003. Variables related to the quality of the raw material (ATR, AR, ART, Purity, Brix, Pol%cane, fiber and moisture) and weather (air temperature, rainfall, solar radiation, among others) were submitted to descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis in order to better understand the sugarcane ripening process and the relationship between this process and environmental conditions. The meteorological variables of best fit were used for elaborating the models to describe the ripening process, which were grouped into early, middle and late, according to the maturity pattern of the studied cultivars. The evaluation of the models was based on the analysis of residuals (presence of outliers, homogeneity of variances and normality of residuals) and on the comparison between estimated and independent data (mean errors, R 2 , agreement index of Willmott and confidence index of Camargo). Regardless of the pattern of sugarcane maturation (early, middle and late), the models that presented the best performance were for ATR, Brix, Pol% cane and humidity variables, with adjusted R 2 values above 0.9 (p significant at 1%) and excellent performance, with C index above 0.85, when evaluated with independent data. The fiber model had the lowest adjusted R 2 values (around 0.65) and problems in the distribution of its residuals (non-normality); however, when it was tested with independent data an acceptable performance was found, with C index above 0.8. The generated models showed that precipitation can be used as the main variable for predicting sugarcane quality and that its use can be extended to other areas than the one where it was originally generated.