Current alcohol dependence and emotional facial expression recognition: a cross-sectional study

Donadon, Mariana Fortunata; Osório, Flávia de Lima

doi:10.1590/0101-60830000000120

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“… Castellano et al (2015) found in the meta-analysis that people with alcohol and substance use disorders had worse facial emotion recognition relative to controls. Donadon and Osório (2017) found that the alcohol-dependent individuals showed low accuracy in recognizing emotions as a whole and especially fear and disgust. In addition, the group needed greater emotional intensity to recognize joy, fear, disgust, and surprise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship Between Attachment Style in Adulthood, Alexithymia, and Dissociation in Alcohol Use Disorder Inpatients. Mediational Model

Zdankiewicz-Ścigała

Ścigała

2018

Front. Psychol.

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Background: Attachment theory is a widely used framework for understanding emotion regulation as well as alexithymia, and dissociation and this perspective has also been applied to understand alcohol use disorders. Apart from these theoretical suggestions, there has been scarce empirical research on this subject-matter. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate potential associations between attachment style in adulthood, alexithymia, and dissociation in alcohol use disorder inpatients.Methods: The Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), and the Curious Experiences Survey (CES) were administered to a sample of 97 alcohol use disorder inpatients recruited from drug and alcohol treatment centers in Warsaw, and 104 persons in control groups, Poland.Results: A comparative analysis between the group of alcohol addicts and non-addicts showed statistically significant differences related to: alexithymia, dissociation, and attachment styles. The analysis of models related to the impact of attachment styles on the level of alcohol addiction with regard to a mediatory role of alexithymia and dissociation showed that all models are well fitted to data and statistically significant: intimacy F(3.197) = 34.41; p < 0.001 and explains 34% (R2 = 0.3438); depend F(3.197) = 36.55; p < 0.001, and explains 36% (R2 = 0.3576); anxiety F(3.197) = 34.71; p < 0.001, and explains 35% (R2 = 0.3458) of the variability of alcohol addiction scores. Mediation analysis found that alexithymia and dissociation enhance the fear of intimacy and rejection in a romantic relationship.Conclusion: These findings support the broad attachment theory suggesting that attachment is associated with and predicts alexithymia and dissociation in the sample of substance use disorder inpatients. Alexithymia and dissociation, by inhibiting the processes of emotions’ identification and verbalization, cause that language does not serve for the purpose of changing self or others, as the communication is distorted. Absent are common meanings and accurate mutual understanding in a relationship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship Between Attachment Style in Adulthood, Alexithymia, and Dissociation in Alcohol Use Disorder Inpatients. Mediational Model

Zdankiewicz-Ścigała

Ścigała

2018

Front. Psychol.

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“…This result is consistent with previous studies (Lannoy et al., ) but specifically emphasizes that BD have lower performance for the processing of facial expressions depicting fear and sadness. First, it has been suggested that amygdala lesions may lead to impaired fear processing (Morris et al., ) and this proposal has been supported in SAUDs (e.g., Donadon and Osório, ; O'daly et al., ; Salloum et al., ; Townshend and Duka, ). In binge drinking, amygdala dysfunctions have also been observed (Stephens and Duka, ; Xiao et al., ) and some studies reported impairments in fear processing in preclinical (Stephens et al., ) and human (Herman et al., ) studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Fear indeed allows informing about the presence of threat in the environment and is related to the ability to correctly anticipate dangers and implement protective strategies. Accordingly, disrupted fear detection in others might lead to interpersonal problems and might be involved in excessive alcohol consumption (Donadon and Osório, ). Second, this study is the first to underline impairments in the emotional recognition of sadness in binge drinking, and this result is observed in comparison with a control group matched regarding psychopathological variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted Fear and Sadness Recognition in Binge Drinking: A Combined Group and Individual Analysis

Lannoy

Benzerouk

Maurage

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Binge drinking is a harmful pattern of alcohol consumption, associated with cognitive and cerebral impairments. Indeed, various cognitive processes have been identified as disrupted in binge drinking, ranging from perceptive to executive functions, but emotional processes have conversely been little investigated. Particularly, it is unclear to what extent binge drinkers (BD) present difficulties to recognize and categorize the emotions expressed by other individuals. Such an exploration would, however, offer a more comprehensive view of the deficits associated with alcohol-related disorders and potentially involved in the maintenance of this harmful habit.Methods: Fifty-two BD and 42 control participants performed an emotional task assessing the ability to recognize 6 basic emotions (i.e., anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness). Accuracy score and detection threshold were collected for each emotion. To explore the extent of emotion recognition difficulties, 2 analyses were conducted: (i) classical repeated measures analyses of variance, to compare groups' performance, and (ii) multiple single-case analyses (i.e., Crawford's t-tests), to determine the percentage of BD presenting genuine emotion recognition deficits. Correlations were also performed between alcohol consumption characteristics and emotional recognition scores.Results: BD presented reduced performance for the recognition of fear and sadness. Multiple single cases highlighted that these deficits respectively concerned 21.15 and 15.38% of the binge drinking sample, and the relation between binge drinking and reduced sadness detection was supported by correlational analyses.Conclusions: These findings show that binge drinking is associated with a disrupted processing of emotional stimuli. By identifying heterogeneity in the impairments presented by BD, the present results also underline the usefulness of a combined group and individual analysis.

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“…In our sample, 51.1% of the participants were alexithymic, which corroborates the results of international studies. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] In this sample, the expression of the EOT subscale has a minor impact on the global score. Alpha Cronbach values´ were consistent for F1 and less consistent for the others factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alexithymia among long-term drug users: a pilot study in Oporto

Souto¹,

Alves²,

Conde³

et al. 2019

JPCPY

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Increasing scientific evidence supports an association between alexithymia and psychoactive substance use. This study explores alexithymia´s expression in sample of long-term drug users, undergoing outpatient treatment in public health units in Oporto, Portugal, as well as its´ association with social demographic risk factors. Data was collected from a sample of 90 adults, participants, mainly men (n=90; 87%), considered to be old consumers (81% with a age>40 years), with a mean age of 46.1 years (SD=8.3; range=21–64).Two instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). More than 51.1% of the individuals were alexithymic, indicating a high prevalence of deficits in emotional awareness. The treatment period varied from 0 to 15 years, included a medication in 55% of cases, mostly methadone (83%). This profile illustrates the gradual aging of the long-term users of illicit drugs and alcohol with a clear diagnosis of an emotional disorder. Therefore, clinicians who develop treatment strategies may want to take into account the likelihood that many of their patients may be alexithymic; in being so, they should integrate specific psychotherapeutic techniques that promote both the identification and the differentiation in emotionally dysfunctional patients.

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Current alcohol dependence and emotional facial expression recognition: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Relationship Between Attachment Style in Adulthood, Alexithymia, and Dissociation in Alcohol Use Disorder Inpatients. Mediational Model

Relationship Between Attachment Style in Adulthood, Alexithymia, and Dissociation in Alcohol Use Disorder Inpatients. Mediational Model

Disrupted Fear and Sadness Recognition in Binge Drinking: A Combined Group and Individual Analysis

Alexithymia among long-term drug users: a pilot study in Oporto

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