Uma análise sobre a abordagem institucional de Hayek e alguns de seus conceitos

Abstract

ResumoO objetivo do artigo é contribuir com o estudo da abordagem institucional de Hayek ao expor uma classificação de alguns dos conceitos institucionais hayekianos. Para se alcançar tal intento, é argumentado que o estudo de Hayek sobre temas institucionais pode ser visto como uma consequência da preocupação do austríaco em explorar o problema do conhecimento e de coordenação existente na sociedade, bem como um elemento a enriquecer sua crítica ao racionalismo construtivista -com isso, é feito com que o institucionalismo hayekiano se encaixe na trajetória de pesquisa do autor. A seguir, passa-se a uma análise de conceitos institucionais hayekianos, explicando de modo sumário o que o austríaco entendia por ordem, lei, legislação e regras, e propondo uma divisão deste último conceito em regras de conduta, regras de conhecimento tácito, e regras mentais. Palavras-Chave AbstractThe paper aims to contribute to the study of Hayek's institutional approach. For that, it is proposed a classification of some of the Hayekian institutional concepts. Additionally, it is argued that Hayek's focus on institutional issues can be understood as a consequence of his intention to investigate the problem of knowledge and coordination in society, as well as an element to enrich his critique of constructivist rationalism. Then it is made an analysis of some Hayekian institutional concepts, briefly explaining what was his understanding about order, law, legislation and rules, and proposing a classification of the latter concept in rules of conduct, tacit rules, and mental rules.

Tradition: where MacIntyre meets Hayek to Ground Ethical Governance

“…In his long career, Hayek studied economic concepts such as currency, capital, prices, and competition, then moved to a critique of socialism, in which he looked at classical liberalism in-depth and, finally, epistemology and knowledge (Angeli, 2017). Hayek's thought is intertwined with philosophical, economic, sociological, and political aspects, requiring scholars to pay close attention to all his writings to comprehend his ideas fully.…”

“…In social order, the individual's behavior results from three interrelated factors: instincts (genetically inherited results of human evolution), reason, and norms of conduct, mediated by space, time, history, and personal experiences (Angeli, 2017). Instincts are insufficient to establish a social order as social groups become increasingly complex, demanding social norms that permit agreement on society's goals and the means to achieve them (Hayek, 1988).…”

“…The use of knowledge by people in society must occur according to their designs and not in a predetermined manner. Knowledge is diffuse, tacit, and subjective and cannot be obtained and organized by a central body; the best social order is the one that enables people to articulate this fragmented and diffuse knowledge in society (Angeli, 2017). Following Michael Polanyi's footsteps, Hayek (2018) adopts the concept of tacit knowledge that each person accumula-tes and uses in their actions, knowledge that cannot always be apprehended by others or used without the participation or permission of those who possess it.…”