Health quality and germination of Butia capitata seeds treated with bactericide and fungicide

Abstract

Propagation of "coquinho-azedo" (Butia capitata) is limited due to dormancy and high incidence of fungi in its seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treating "coquinho-azedo" seeds with different concentrations of bactericide and/or fungicide on the incidence of fungi and on the germination of seeds. Thus, B. capitata seeds were immersed in four doses of the bactericide kasugamycin (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mL/L) and/or in four concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim+ thiram (0, 2.92, 5.84 e 8.75 mL/ Kg), totaling 16 treatments. After the treatments, the operculum was removed from the seeds, which were placed on trays containing autoclaved sand, covered with transparent plastic film and kept in the nursery. In the germination test, treatments were distributed in randomized block design, factorial arrangement Keywords: Carbendazim, thiram, "coquinho-azedo", fungus, incidence. ABSTRACTof 4x4 (bactericidal doses x fungicide doses), with four replicates of 50 seeds per plot. For the test of seed health quality, the Blotter test was employed in completely randomized design, using 20 replicates and 10 seeds. Health quality and germination were evaluated at 15 and 40 days after the treatment of seeds, respectively. There was no interaction between the bactericide and the fungicide on germination and control of fungi associated with seeds. However, there was an effect of fungicide concentrations on the evaluated parameters. We observed a negative correlation between the concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim + thiram and fungal incidence, and a positive correlation between the fungicide concentrations and seed germination. Therefore, fungicide treatment reduces the fungal incidence and provides better germination of B. capitata seeds. RESUMOA propagação do coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata) é limitada devido a dormência e a alta incidência de fungos em suas sementes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento de sementes de coquinho-azedo com diferentes concentrações de bactericida e/ou fungicida na incidência de fungos e na germinação das sementes. Para isto, sementes de coquinho-azedo foram imersas em quatro doses do bactericida kasugamicina (0, 1.5, 3.0 e 4.5 mL/L) e/ou em quatro concentrações do fungicida carbendazim + thiram (0, 2.92, 5.84 e 8.75 mL/Kg), totalizando 16 tratamentos. Após o tratamento, retirou-se o opérculo das sementes, as quais foram colocadas em bandejas contendo areia autoclavada, revestidas com filme plástico transparente, e mantidas em viveiro. No teste de germinação, os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 (doses Lacerda, V. R.; Mendes, D.S.T.; Rocha, F.S.; Fernandes, M.F.G.; Lopes, P.S.N.; Civil, N.; Catão, H.C.R.M. Qualidade sanitária e germinação de sementes de Butia capitata tratadas com bactericida e fungicida. Summa Phytopathologica, v.42, n.4, p.303-307, 2016. do bactericida e doses do fungicida), com 4 repetições de 50 sementes por parcela. Para o teste de sanidade foi empregado o méto...