Comparison of power Doppler and thermography for the selection of thyroid nodules in which fine-needle aspiration biopsy is indicated

Alves, Maria Lúcia D’Arbo; Gabarra, Manoel Henrique Cintra

doi:10.1590/0100-3984.2014.0111

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…They concluded that thermography is more precise than power doppler for the indication of FNAB of thyroid nodules suspected of malignancy. 20 The combination of several suspicious US features is definitely more accurate than that of any single characteristic in predicting thyroid nodule as malignant. In 2009, Horvath et al and Park et al established a thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) to stratify cancer risk in thyroid nodules based on 10 and 12 sonographic features respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in goiters: a tertiary centre experience

Manikantan¹,

Ravi²,

Chisthi³

2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Thyroid diseases are highly prevalent in India, especially in the southern states. Evaluation of thyroid pathologies revolves mainly on imaging and cytology. Recent advances in thyroid imaging have greatly improved the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up in thyroid diseases. Though there are advanced modalities including Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Ultrasonography remains the cornerstone for the evaluation of thyroid gland, due to its ubiquitous availability and cost-effectiveness. The objectives of the study were to find out the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in thyroid swellings and to find out the most reliable diagnostic feature of thyroid malignancy in ultrasonography.Methods: This was an observational study, conducted on 71 patients admitted to the General surgical wards of Government Medical College, Trivandrum, with thyroid swellings, for a period of 18 months. For all these patients, ultrasound scan of the thyroid gland was done on an ultrasound machine with a 17/5 MHz linear transducer, by experienced faculty.Results: Ultrasonography was found to have a sensitivity of 87.2% and a specificity of 79.2% in diagnosing thyroid pathologies. The most common malignancy of thyroid found in the study was papillary carcinoma and the most reliable ultrasound finding suggestive of malignancy was microcalcification.Conclusions: As per the present study, it is concluded that high resolution ultrasonography is very useful in diagnosing the nature of thyroid swellings, with an accuracy rate of 84.5%. Ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of thyroid diseases and is the imaging modality of choice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in goiters: a tertiary centre experience

Manikantan¹,

Ravi²,

Chisthi³

2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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“…In line with this problem, Infrared Thermography has emerged as a low-cost and noninvasive method for investigating TN 6,7 . However, few studies have seriously evaluated this approach specially going up to the use of new Artificial Intelligence techniques, as the convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to promote a final conclusion on this subject as the here presented one 8 .…”

Section: P Damião 1* J R G Montero M B H Moran 2 R Amentioning

confidence: 99%

On the possibility of using temperature to aid in thyroid nodule investigation

Damião

Montero²,

Morán³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Thyroid nodules are common, and their investigation is very important to exclude the possibility of cancer. The increase in blood vessels of malignant tumours may be related to local temperature augmentation detectable on the skin surface. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of Infrared Thermography for cancer identification. For this purpose, two studies were performed. One used numerical modelling to simulate regional metabolic temperature propagation to evaluate whether a nodule is perceptible on the skin surface. A second study considered thyroid nodule identification by using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). First, variations in nodular size and fat thickness were investigated, showing that the fat layer has an important role in regional heat transfer. In the second study, the training process achieved accuracy of 96% for in-sample and 95% for validation. In the testing phase, 92% accuracy, 100% precision and 80% recall were achieved. Thus, the presented studies suggest the feasibility of using Infrared Thermography with the CNN Artificial Intelligence technique as additional information in the investigation of thyroid nodules for patients without a very thick subcutaneous fat layer.

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“…Some of them only analyze the thermal effects of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism by IRT [20,21]. There are works on theoretical studies of the possibility of uses IRT in thyroid nodule diagnosis [18,[22][23][24][25][26], as well as paper evaluating the uses of IRT as complementary technique to help on the indication of biopsy of nodules suspected of malignancy [27]. However, there is no work on simulating a complete protocol of thermography specially including the transient phase: this aspect has been considered crucial on investigation the possibility of IRT for cancer diagnosis in previous work [28] and is accomplished in the present work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical and biologically, the similarity or the differences of the nodules is evaluated by parameters completely diverse from those used in mechanical heat transfer analysis. Even the size, that is the most similar of all, has different ways of being measured: the length of the nodules in each direction, for instance, is measured by ultrasound exams [27] most of the time only by nodular higher and smaller diameters, without relation with the body axial planes or any fixed axial reference of the numerical model. Furthermore, thyroid nodules can be at different positions and depths inside the gland regardless of their diagnosis [27, 34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A computational study on the role of parameters for identification of thyroid nodules by infrared images (and its comparison with real data)

Montero

Damiao

Moran

et al. 2021

Preprint

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According to experts and medical literature, a healthy thyroid gland, or a thyroid containing benign nodules, tend to be less inflamed and less active than one with malignant nodules. It seems to be a consensus that malignant nodules have more blood veins and it may be related to the maintenance of high and constant temperatures. Investigation of these characteristics, detectable by infrared sensors, and answering if they constitute patterns of malignancy are the aims of this work. Experiments considering biological heat transfer analysis by Finite Element numerical simulations are used to show the influence of nodule and patient characteristics on the identification of malignancy of thyroid nodule by thermography. The used and approved protocol for infrared examination are analyzed and simulated during all its phase that is on transient and steady state behavior, in order to verify how and when their influence can be really recognized in patients. Simulation results and the analysis of infrared exams show that the tissues between the skin and the thyroid, as well as the nodule size, have influence in superficial temperatures. Other thermal parameters of thyroid nodules are also investigated and show little influence on surface temperatures. These characteristics must be considered in nodular infrared analysis and diagnosis by thermography. The infrared examinations of patients that meet the hypotheses related to the vascularization of the nodule confirm the numerical results. All details of the physical parameters used in the simulations, characteristics of the nodules, and their complete thermal examinations are public and available, turning possible that the presented simulation could be compared with other types of heat transfer solutions. This study is a concrete contribution to the answer of under what conditions thermography can be useful in the identification of thyroid nodules.Author summaryThyroid nodules are very common health problems. These nodules may have different characteristics, and some of them could influence the temperature of the region. Many works in the medical literature report that the healthy thyroid and even benign nodules tend to be less inflamed and active than malignant nodules and therefore should exhibit some variation in patterns of behavior related to the temperature variation between them. The focus of this work is to analyze some parameters of the nodules and details of the patients that can influence the identification and diagnosis of thyroid nodules by infrared images. To reach the objective, simulations of bioheat transfer in the neck (using a simple neck geometry and Finite Elements Analysis in COMSOL Multiphysics Software) and real infrared examinations (performed with a FLIR Infrared Camera model SC620 and a proposed protocol) were analyzed. Our results show the thermal insulation effect of the neck fat tissue, and that the effect of nodule sizes can be decremented by a thicker layer of fat. The analysis of the nodule parameters as blood perfusion rate and metabolic heat, which could be related with the nodule vascularization (an important condition related with malignancy), suggest that the thermal effects of thyroid nodules on the neck surface are not sufficient to differentiate benign from malign, and for this other features or methods must be considered.

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Comparison of power Doppler and thermography for the selection of thyroid nodules in which fine-needle aspiration biopsy is indicated

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in goiters: a tertiary centre experience

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in goiters: a tertiary centre experience

On the possibility of using temperature to aid in thyroid nodule investigation

A computational study on the role of parameters for identification of thyroid nodules by infrared images (and its comparison with real data)

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