Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the interferon gamma gene are associated with distinct types of retinochoroidal scar lesions presumably caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection

Peixe, Ricardo Guerra; Boechat, Marcela Santana Bastos; Rangel, Alba Lucínia Peixoto; Rosa, Rhônia França Gomes; Petzl-Erler, María Luiza; Bahia-Oliveira, Lilian M. G.

doi:10.1590/0074-0276140539

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…, Peixe et al . ). Scientists in Brazil have suggested an association between patients with OT and genetic polymorphisms in several cytokine genes including IL‐10, IL‐1 and IL‐6 (Cordeiro et al .…”

Section: Genetic Susceptibility Of the Humanmentioning

confidence: 97%

Strain hypothesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases

Xiao¹,

Yolken²

2015

Acta Physiologica

141

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The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is an exceptionally successful food- and waterborne parasite that infects approximately 1 billion people worldwide. Genotyping of T. gondii isolates from all continents revealed a complex population structure. Recent research supports the notion that T. gondii genotype may be associated with disease severity. Here, we (1) discuss molecular and serological approaches for designation of T. gondii strain type, (2) overview the literatures on the association of T. gondii strain type and the outcome of human disease, and (3) explore possible mechanisms underlying these strain specific pathology and severity of human toxoplasmosis. Although no final conclusions can be drawn, it is clear that virulent strains (e. g. strains containing type I or atypical alleles) are significantly more often associated with increased frequency and severity of human toxoplasmosis. The significance of highly virulent strains can cause severe diseases in immunocompetent patients and might implicated in brain disorders such as schizophrenia should led to reconsideration of toxoplasmosis. Further studies that combine parasite strain typing and human factor analysis (e.g. immune status and genetic background) are required for better understanding of human susceptibility or resistance to toxoplasmosis.

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Section: Genetic Susceptibility Of the Humanmentioning

confidence: 97%

Strain hypothesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases

Xiao¹,

Yolken²

2015

Acta Physiologica

141

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“…In the southern Brazilian city of Erechim, 85% of the population was infected with T. gondii and 17.7% of the infected individuals had retinal lesions caused by the parasite [7]. A more recent study in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, located in the north of Rio de Janeiro, found 31.8% prevalence of ocular infection in the population where 76.4% of the people were infected with the parasite [8]. In Colombia an estimated 5.5% of the entire population has Toxoplama retinochoroidal scars and 47% of the population has been infected with the parasite [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Outcome in Ocular Toxoplasmosis: A Case Series of 30 Patients from Ghana

Abu¹,

Boampong²,

Afoakwah³

2015

J Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose: To determine visual outcome (low vision and blindness) in patients with inactive ocular toxoplasmosis. Methods:This study employed a cross sectional design involving a series of 30 patients with inactive toxoplasmic ocular lesions. Ophthalmic assessment including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and dilated fundus examination by indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed on all participants. Ocular toxoplasmosis was diagnosed based on characteristic retinal lesions in addition to a positive serologic testing using commercial ELISA kits. Visual impairment (VI) was determined based on the International Classification of Diseases.Results: Their ages ranged from 16-59 years (mean age of 34.2 ± 14.19), with 19 (63.3%) males and 11 (36.7%) females. There were 33 infected eyes in all (3 patients had bilateral cases). The most common complaint (77%) was blurred vision in the infected eyes. 11 (33%) eyes had mild or no visual impairment (VI category 1), 22 (67%) eyes had low vision (VA<6/18), and 11 (33%) eyes were blind (VA<3/60). Posterior pole (p<0.001) and larger retinal lesions (p=0.04) were the major causes of visual impairment. However, there was no association between visual impairment and the number of lesions occurring in the infected eyes (χ 2 =3.52, p=0.11). Older patient age was significantly associated with: posterior pole lesions (0.003), larger retinal lesion sizes (p=0.001) and multiple lesions (p=0.001). Only three cases each of strabismus and bilateral involvement suggest that acquired infection is more common in this Ghanaian population. Conclusion:Low vision and blindness were common in Toxoplasma eye infection in our Ghanaian population and that posterior pole and larger retinal lesions rather than multiple lesions were the major causes of reduced vision.

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“…This sequence is immediately adjacent and correlated with allele T for thiamine of the polymorphism at position + 874 34 . It is well established that the IFN-γ gene polymorphism T (+ 874) A (IFNG) of the first intron is correlated with serum level of IFN-γ production and mRNA expression in vitro and in vivo; the TT genotype correlates with high levels of IFN-γ production, and TA and AA are correlated with intermediate and low production level 18,22,[34][35][36][37][38] . This polymorphism coincides with a putative NF-κB binding site that may mediate high production of IFN-γ 39,40 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine genes in patients with New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

Jahromi

Al-Otaibi²,

Gheith

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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New Onset Diabetes After Transplantation (NODAT) is a serious metabolic complication. While β-cell dysfunction is considered the main contributing factor in the development of NODAT, the precise pathogenesis is not well understood. Cytokines are thought to be involved in the inflammation of islet β-cells in diabetes; however, few studies have investigated this hypothesis in NODAT. A total of 309 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) were included in this study. An association between kidney transplants, and the development of diabetes after transplant (NODAT) was investigated. Comparison was made between KTRs who develop diabetes (NODAT cases) or did not develop diabetes (control), using key cytokines, IL-6 G (− 174)C, macrophage mediator; IL-4 C (− 490)T, T helper (Th)-2 cytokine profile initiator; Th-1 cytokine profile initiator interferon-γ T (+ 874) A gene and TGF β1 C (+ 869) T gene polymorphisms were investigated. The genes were amplified using well-established polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in our laboratory. Compared to the AA and AT genotypes of interferon gamma (IFNG), there was a strong association between the TT genotype of IFNG and NODAT kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) versus non-NODAT KTRs (p = 0.005). The AA genotype of IFNG was found to be predominant in the control group (p = 0.004). Also, significant variations of IL6 G (− 174) C, IL-4 C (− 590) T, interferon-γ T (+ 874) A gene and transforming growth factor β1 C (+ 869) T may contribute to NODAT. Our data is consistent with theTh-1/T-reg pathway of immunity. Further larger pan Arab studies are required to confirm our findings.

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the interferon gamma gene are associated with distinct types of retinochoroidal scar lesions presumably caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Strain hypothesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases

Strain hypothesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases

Visual Outcome in Ocular Toxoplasmosis: A Case Series of 30 Patients from Ghana

Analysis of the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine genes in patients with New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

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