Infection by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in both humans and the snail Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica in the city of Macapá, in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Barbosa, Tatiane Alves; Thiengo, Silvana Carvalho; Fernandez, Mônica Ammon; Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos; Morassutti, Alessandra Loureiro; Mourão, Fábio Rodrigo Paixão; Miranda, Clóvis Omar Sá; Jorge, Michel de Moraes; Costa, Liliane Freitas; Gomes, Suzete Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/0074-02760200115

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The presence of terrestrial molluscs living close to rodents and related to A. cantonensis infection, as B. willibaldoi and R. norvegicus in São Paulo city, highlights the need for surveillance mechanisms in order to avoid nematode spread throughout São Paulo territory. The finding of A. cantonensis definitive hosts and naturally infected intermediates in urban areas of Brazil reinforces the need to form specialized technical groups focused on scientific studies of the aspects that affect population dynamics of rodents and molluscs against the risk of transmission in the country ( Morassutti et al., 2014 ; Ramos de Souza et al., 2018 ; Orico et al., 2019 ; Barbosa et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The ability of A. cantonensis to infect native or introduced species of terrestrial molluscs was demonstrated by a research conducted in the islands of Hawaii that showed the importance of molluscs as intermediate hosts for this parasite with high rates of infection ( Kim et al., 2014 ). In Brazil, eight species of terrestrial molluscs and one from freshwater were found naturally infected by A. cantonensis in 11 states ( Morassutti et al., 2014 ; Ramos de Souza et al., 2018 ; Orico et al., 2019 ; Barbosa et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 2007, when the first human case of eosinophilic meningitis caused by A. cantonensis was recorded in Brazil, in the State of Espírito Santo, reports of the disease have increased. Currently, the parasite is registered in 13 Brazilian states infecting humans, rodents and molluscs (Ramos de Souza et al, 2018;Barbosa et al, 2020). In this last group, Veronicelids family gathers strictly terrestrial slugs, with around 100 species widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania (Barker, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First record of natural infection by Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in Belocaulus willibaldoi and Rattus norvegicus in an urban area of São Paulo city, SP, Brazil

Mota

Melo

Pereira-Chioccola

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Angiostrongylus cantonensis , a rat lungworm, is one of the leading causes of eosinophilic meningitis in humans. Infection in humans occurs by the ingestion of intermediate hosts, undercooked paratenic hosts or contaminated vegetables and fruits by mucus from infected molluscs. This zoonosis is widespread in tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia, it has also been reported in the Pacific Islands as well as in other regions of Americas. In Brazil, human cases of angiostrongyliasis have been reported since 2007 in Southeast, Northeast, and South regions. In January 2011, we collected a batch of 30 Belocaulus willibaldoi slides in a neighborhood of São Paulo city (Parque Fernanda). Six of them were used for identifying species, and the others (24) were used in parasitological tests through digestion in peptic solution and then larvae isolation by the Rugai method. A total of 250 larvae were obtained and they had morphological traits of Angiostrongy lus spp. Later, four Golden hamsters ( Mesocricetus auratus ) were infected with 38 larvae that allowed the recovery of young worms from the brain and lungs of rodents on the 21 st and 30 th day of infection. In this same neighborhood we captured rodents ( Rattus norvegicus ) that, after necropsy led us to recovery of 22 adult worms in the pulmonary arteries (14 males and 8 females) in May 2011. The larvae and worms obtained from natural infection were evaluated by morphological and morphometric parameters, as well as biological behavior patterns and molecular profile. All methodologies identified the parasite as Angiostrongylus cantonensis . In this way, we report for the first time, the natural infection by A. cantonensis in intermediate ( B. willibaldoi ) and definitive ( R. norvegicus ) hosts in a new urban region of Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First record of natural infection by Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in Belocaulus willibaldoi and Rattus norvegicus in an urban area of São Paulo city, SP, Brazil

Mota

Melo

Pereira-Chioccola

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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“…Angiostrongylus cantonensis ( A. cantonensis ), is a food-borne zoonotic parasite that can cause damage to the central nervous system (CNS) ( Wang et al., 2012 ). With the development of global logistics transportation and climate warming, A. cantonensis has spread from its traditional endemic regions of Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands to the American continent, Europe, Africa and Australia ( Gelis et al., 2011 ; Iwanowicz et al., 2015 ; Liu et al., 2018 ; Rael et al., 2018 ; Barbosa et al., 2020 ; Federspiel et al., 2020 ). Angiostrongyliasis has become a potentially fatal globally emerging infectious disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CX3CL1 Recruits NK Cells Into the Central Nervous System and Aggravates Brain Injury of Mice Caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection

Zhang

Miao

Qin

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundAngiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis), is a food-borne zoonotic parasite that can cause central nervous system (CNS) injury characterized by eosinophilic meningitis. However, the pathogenesis of angiostrongylosis remains elusive. Natural killer cells (NK cells) are unique innate lymphocytes important in early defense against pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of NK cells in A. cantonensis infection and to elucidate the key factors that recruit NK cells into the CNS.MethodsMouse model of A. cantonensis infection was established by intragastric administration of third-stage larvae. The expression of cytokines and chemokines at gene and protein levels was analyzed by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Distribution of NK cells was observed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against YAC-1 cells was detected by LDH release assay. The ability of NK cells to secrete cytokines was determined by intracellular flow cytometry and ELISA. Depletion and adoptive transfer of NK cells in vivo was induced by tail vein injection of anti-asialo GM1 rabbit serum and purified splenic NK cells, respectively. CX3CL1 neutralization experiment was performed by intraperitoneal injection of anti-CX3CL1 rat IgG.ResultsThe infiltration of NK cells in the CNS of A. cantonensis-infected mice was observed from 14 dpi and reached the peak on 18 and 22 dpi. Compared with uninfected splenic NK cells, the CNS-infiltrated NK cells of infected mice showed enhanced cytotoxicity and increased IFN-γ and TNF-α production ability. Depletion of NK cells alleviated brain injury, whereas adoptive transfer of NK cells exacerbated brain damage in A. cantonensis-infected mice. The expression of CX3CL1 in the brain tissue and its receptor CX3CR1 on the CNS-infiltrated NK cells were both elevated after A. cantonensis infection. CX3CL1 neutralization reduced the percentage and absolute number of the CNS-infiltrated NK cells and relieved brain damage caused by A. cantonensis infection.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the up-regulated CX3CL1 in the brain tissue recruits NK cells into the CNS and aggravates brain damage caused by A. cantonensis infection. The findings improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of angiostrongyliasis and expand the therapeutic intervention in CNS disease.

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“…So far, nearly 3000 cases of human angiostrongyliasis have been documented worldwide [3]. With the development of global logistics transportation and climate warming, A. cantonensis has spread from its traditional endemic regions of Southeast Asia and the Paci c islands to the American continent, Europe, Africa and Australia [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NK cells infiltrating in the central nervous system aggravate brain injury of mice caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection

Zhang¹,

Miao²,

Qin³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis), is a food-borne zoonotic parasite that can cause central nervous system (CNS) injury characterized by eosinophilic meningitis. However, the pathogenesis of the neurological impairments caused by A. cantonensis infection has not been well elucidated. Natural killer cells (NK cells) are unique innate lymphocytes important in early defense against pathogens. It was reported that NK cells could migrate to the CNS after brain injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of NK cells in brain injury caused by A. cantonensis infection.Methods Mouse model of A. cantonensis infection was established by intragastric administration of third-stage larvae. Neurological impairments were evaluated by Longa’s score, Clark’s general score and Clark’s focal score. Histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of cytokines at gene and protein levels was analyzed by PCR and ELISA, respectively. Infiltration of NK cells in the CNS was detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Depletion of NK cells in infected mice was caused by tail vein injection of anti-asialo GM1 rabbit serum, and adoptive transfer of NK cells was performed by tail vein injection of purified splenic NK cells. NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against YAC-1 cells was detected by LDH release assay. The cytokine production ability was determined by intracellular flow cytometry and ELISA.Results Mice developed brain inflammation and neurological impairment after A. cantonensis infection. The infiltration of NK cells in the CNS of A. cantonensis-infected mice was observed on 14 dpi and reached the peak on 22 dpi. Compared with the normal splenic NK cells, the CNS-infiltrated NK cells of infected mice expressed lower levels of CD69, NKp46 and NKG2D, but higher levels of NKG2A, and showed enhanced cytotoxicity and increased IFN-γ and TNF-α production ability. Depletion of NK cells alleviated brain injury, whereas adoptive transfer of NK cells exacerbated brain damage in A. cantonensis-infected mice.Conclusions Our results demonstrate that NK cells infiltrate into the CNS and aggravate the brain damage after A. cantonensis infection. The findings improve the understanding the pathogenesis of angiostrongyliasis and expand the therapeutic intervention in CNS disease.

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Infection by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in both humans and the snail Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica in the city of Macapá, in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

First record of natural infection by Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in Belocaulus willibaldoi and Rattus norvegicus in an urban area of São Paulo city, SP, Brazil

First record of natural infection by Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in Belocaulus willibaldoi and Rattus norvegicus in an urban area of São Paulo city, SP, Brazil

CX3CL1 Recruits NK Cells Into the Central Nervous System and Aggravates Brain Injury of Mice Caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection

NK cells infiltrating in the central nervous system aggravate brain injury of mice caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection

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