Anti-vaccination movements in the world and in Brazil

Estudos Multidisciplinares Sobre Saúde Da Criança E Do Adolescente

“…Outro estudo realizado com dados de todo o país, destaca a população preta e parda (Menezes et al, 2021). Nesse sentido, é importante mencionar que o Brasil possui diferenças étnicas, que é resultado da distribuição característica da população de cada região, ou seja, tal dado é considerado relativo dependendo da localização do estudo (OLIVEIRA et al, 2022). Outrossim, é importante destacar que o Maranhão possui o maior número de população parda no território brasileiro (Perine, 2022).…”

“…Os movimentos de resistência contra a vacina permaneceram, mesmo que enfraquecidos, sendo conhecidos como os "movimentos antivacinação". Sendo assim, é possível apontar o movimento antivacina como um desafio claro para a atuação plena do PNI (Oliveira et al, 2022).…”

Overview of childhood vaccination coverage in Brazil and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Is our children’s health at risk? A review of pre-COVID-19 periods and during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…This type of behavior from a government authority may have influenced the Brazilian population’s vaccine hesitancy in recent times, considering that this phenomenon includes cultural, religious, and political issues and disbelief in medicine. However, it is worth highlighting the need for educational awareness among the Brazilian people, considering that denial is often motivated by erroneous interpretations of the safety of vaccines [26] , [42] .…”

“…This fact might have been worsened by the population’s reluctance to seek health services due to the risk of contamination by the new virus (SARS-CoV-2) in health units or when sharing means of transport to these locations [24] . Other factors might also have influenced the decrease in vaccine coverage in Brazil, including the dissemination of political and defamatory news about ineffective medicines and dubious treatments for the management of respiratory disease and about the development, origin, and implementation of COVID-19 vaccines [10] , [11] , [16] , [25] , [26] , [27] . This created distrust in society, regarding how to act in relation to the new vaccines, and also generated uncertainty in relation to other vaccines already included in the Brazilian vaccination calendar [7] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] .…”

Coverage and determinants of childhood vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil: a longitudinal analysis

“…Several factors have been linked to the decrease in vaccination coverage and antivaccine movements in Brazil and the world, including the misconception that vaccines are no longer necessary to prevent diseases that have disappeared, lack of understanding of how vaccines protect from pathogens, fear of side effects and sequelae, diminished parental availability to attend to routine vaccinations of children, and concerns about a large number of immunizations in early childhood 4 , 10 , 11 .…”