Laboratory diagnosis for Covid-19: A mini-review

Pizzol, Juliana Lemos Dal; Hora, Vanusa Pousada da; Reis, Ana Júlia; Vianna, Julia Monteiro Segadas; Ramis, Ivy Bastos; Groll, Andréa von; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0451-2020

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…It is also important to identify patients who can be followed at home to reduce the burden of healthcare. Several diagnostic tools are needed to identify or rule out current infection, identify people in need of inpatient treatment or intensive care [ 13 ]. For this purpose, we aimed to develop a point of care test that is evaluated with different foaming levels by a chemical reaction specific to the amino acid content of virus-specific peptides in the urine sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, since ORF1b and N regions are highly conserved in Sarbecoviruses, the specific primers may also bind other coronaviruses and associated viruses. The custom of specific primers provides the high specificity of result, but the possibility of false-positives cannot be excluded [ 13 ]. A chest computerized tomography (CT) scan can be secondhand as a diagnostic tool that allows physicians to well identify COVID-19 infection in many RT-PCR false-negative cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Urine Foaming Test in COVID19 as a Useful Tool in Diagnosis, Prognosis and Follow-up: Preliminary Results

Kurtulmus

Kazezoğlu²,

Cakiroglu³

et al. 2020

North Clin Istanbul

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OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop a simple, rapid urine test based on the level of foaming that occurs in the urine sample due to the excretion of peptide structures containing amino acids specific to the antigenic structure of COVID-19. In this study, we present the preliminary results of the first clinical study with a newly developed urine foaming test (UFT). METHODS: This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul. After obtaining the approval of the ethics committee, urine samples were taken from three groups of patients whose informed consent was obtained. The groups were created according to the COVID-19 Diagnostic Guide of Ministry of Health: A: outpatients with suspected COVID-19, B: inpatients for follow-up and treatment, C: patients treated in intensive care unit (ICU). Also, 30 healthy volunteers were included as the control group D. Urine samples taken from all groups were delivered to the laboratory. 2.5 ml urine sample was added to the test tube and shaken for 15 seconds and the level of foam formed was visually evaluated according to the color scale. Other data of the patients were obtained from the hospital information management system and the physician caring for the patient. The clinical status, PCR test results, computed tomography (CT), if any, laboratory tests, and UFT results were compared and the level of statistical significance was expressed as p≤0.05 in the 95% confidence intervals (CI). Performance characteristics, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of the UFT, were statistically calculated according to the RT-PCR result and/or CT. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed between UFT distributions of the control, outpatient, inpatient and ICU patients (p=0.0001). The results of UFT orange and red in inpatients and ICU patients were statistically significantly higher than in the control and outpatient groups. The diagnostic accuracy of UFT was detected in all group, the pooled sensitivity was 92% (95% CI: 87–95%) and specificity was 89% (95% CI: 80–98%). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results suggest that the UFT is useful, particularly in predicting the clinical severity of COVID-19. The UFT could be recommended as a point of care test, rapid and non-invasive method in the diagnosis and follow-up of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urine Foaming Test in COVID19 as a Useful Tool in Diagnosis, Prognosis and Follow-up: Preliminary Results

Kurtulmus

Kazezoğlu²,

Cakiroglu³

et al. 2020

North Clin Istanbul

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“…The first protocol suggested by the WHO is based on TaqMan technology using primers and probes to detect the envelope protein (E), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and nucleocapsid protein (N) genes. Serological test detected by ELISA have more than 95 % specificity for COVID-19 detection ( Pizzol et al, 2020 ). But, the sensitivity and specificity of the RT-PCR test is not absolutely 100 %, and importantly depends on the personnel skill in the relevant techniques, laboratory practice standard and safety procedures ( Tahamtan and Ardebili, 2020 ).…”

Section: Coronaviridae Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR systems: Novel approaches for detection and combating COVID-19

et al. 2021

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“…Demands of molecular diagnosis to testing COVID-19 are fast growing around the world and costs and efficiency of the RT-PCR technique has been in check. In this context, different RT-PCR kits are used to identify SARS-CoV-2 virus in patients’ samples are now available, using just one or multiple gene targets ’ (Pizzol et al 2020, Mathuria et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies are comparing sensitivity and specificity of different sets of probes/primers against different gene targets of the SARS-CoV-2. In this context, the conserved nucleocapsid protein gene (N) is the major target present in the disposable tests (Pizzol et al 2020) and US CDC test includes two sets of primers with good sensitivity to virus detection (Etievant et al 2020). In addition, recent work demonstrates some mutation in the forward primer to N gene target in Chinese CDC test, suggesting US CDC test can be more appropriate to Brazilian testing (Candido et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic using N gene target: insights about reinfection

Klein

Barbosa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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IntroductionMolecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is a huge challenge to many countries around the world. The cost of tests to check infected people is inaccessible since specialized teams and equipment are not disposable in remote locations. Herein, we compared the fitness of two primers sets to the SARS-CoV-2 N gene in the molecular diagnosis of COVID-19.Materials and MethodsThe 1029 patient samples were tested to presense/abscence molecular test using in house US CDC protocol. We compared the fitness of two primers sets to two different regions of N gene targets.ResultsBoth targets, N1 and N2 displayed similar fitness during testing with no differences between Ct or measurable viral genome copies. In addition, we verified security ranges Cts related to positive diagnostic with Ct above 35 value failuring in 66,6% after retesting of samples.Main conclusionOur data suggest that it is secure to use just one primer set to the N gene to identify SARS-CoV-2 in samples and the labs should be careful to set positive samples in high Ct values using high cutoffs.

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Laboratory diagnosis for Covid-19: A mini-review

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

The Urine Foaming Test in COVID19 as a Useful Tool in Diagnosis, Prognosis and Follow-up: Preliminary Results

The Urine Foaming Test in COVID19 as a Useful Tool in Diagnosis, Prognosis and Follow-up: Preliminary Results

CRISPR systems: Novel approaches for detection and combating COVID-19

Optimizing SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic using N gene target: insights about reinfection

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