Serodiagnosis of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in human and canine populations living in Indigenous Reserves in the Brazilian Amazon Region

Lima, Júlia Teresa Ribeiro de; Gennari, Solange Maria; Soares, Herbert Sousa; Minervino, Antônio Humberto Hamad; Malheiros, Antônio Francisco; Marques, Flávio D.; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias; Marcili, Arlei; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0377-2016

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, a previous study [22] had suggested that the high prevalence of ATL in this area was due to the presence of a large number of wild reservoirs and high rates of deforestation. The main species involved in this area was L. braziliensis, in agreement with data presented by a study conducted in 2017 [22,23], which reported on the presence of L. braziliensis in individuals from an indigenous village in Mato Grosso.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in transmission areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017

et al. 2020

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Background: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a widespread anthropozoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is considered a serious public health problem. The aim of this study was to provide a descriptive analysis of confirmed ATL cases and evaluate the spatial distribution of ATL in high-risk transmission areas from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: An ecological, analytical, and retrospective study of the confirmed cases of ATL in Minas Gerais from 2007 to 2017 was conducted. To characterize these cases, multiple correspondence analysis and georeferencing of the ATL prevalence rates in the municipalities were conducted based on variables obtained at Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação and Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística databases. Results: There were 13,025 confirmed cases of ATL from 74.4% (635) municipalities of Minas Gerais, corresponding to a prevalence rate of 66.5 cases for every 100,000 inhabitants. Males aged 20 to 59 years and individuals who attended elementary school were most affected with ATL. Multiple correspondence analysis presented an accumulated qui-squared value of 44.74%, proving that there was a relationship between the variables, including ethnicity, age, pregnancy status, zone of infection, and number of cases. Conclusion: We confirmed that ATL is endemic to Minas Gerais, and there is high risk of infection within the municipalities due to a high rate of parasite transmission. The occurrence of infection in children, pregnant women, and the indigenous population demonstrates the need for the government to expand social policies aimed at vulnerable groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in transmission areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017

et al. 2020

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“…Tests (indirect fluorescent antibody, ELISA, Western blot, lateral flow assay, and direct agglutination test) to detect antibody against leishmania is not successful because of inadequate humoral immunity induced by the parasite and the resultant low sensitivity indicating their incomplete role [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis and its diagnostic algorithm

Saini¹,

A²

2017

APJTD

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“…The cytotoxicity effects of S ebulus extract were assessed via cultivating PMA‐treated human THP1 macrophages (5 × 10 cells) in the presence of increasing concentrations of the extract (125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, 16 000, 32 000 and 64 000 μg/mL), PBS and AMB as controls in 96‐well microtiter culture plates (Orange Scientific, Braine‐l’Alleud, Belgium.) at 37°C in CO 2 5% for 48 hours.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leishmaniasis is an important endemic disease across the five continents which involve 98 countries, especially the developing countries . Based on World Health Organization (WHO) reports, nearly 12 million people are affected and 350 million individuals are at risk of the disease . Leishmania infection has been clinically categorized into three major forms: visceral leishmaniasis (VL), cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sambucus ebulus extract stimulates cellular responses in cutaneous leishmaniasis

Heidari‐Kharaji

Omrani

Badirzadeh

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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Summary This is the first study aiming to determine the therapeutic effects of the Sambucus ebulus aquatic extract as an antileishmanial herbal drug and evaluate the immune responses in Leishmania major major infected BALB/c mice. The antileishmanial activity of S ebulus aquatic extract was evaluated using MTT test as well as parasite rescue and transformation assay. Footpad swelling and parasite load of infected mice were measured by several techniques. The immune responses were evaluated by measuring the levels of IFN‐γ, IL‐4, nitric oxide and arginase. The results indicated that S. ebulus can significantly decrease L. major promastigotes and amastigotes viability, but it was not toxic to macrophages. The lesion size, parasite burden and the level of ARG decreased in the treated infected mice, while the IFN‐γ‐to‐IL‐4 ratio and the level of NO increased significantly. Altogether, the S. ebulus extract is an effective compound for killing Leishmania parasite without excessive toxicity to the host cells and can cure the CL by switching the host immune responses towards Th1 response. Thus, it may be a perfect therapeutic option for CL treatment.

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Serodiagnosis of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in human and canine populations living in Indigenous Reserves in the Brazilian Amazon Region

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in transmission areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017

Profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in transmission areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017

Clinicopathological presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis and its diagnostic algorithm

Sambucus ebulus extract stimulates cellular responses in cutaneous leishmaniasis

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