Association between allergic responses and Schistosoma mansoni infection in residents in a low-endemic setting in Brazil

Oliveira, Sara Menezes de; Bezerra, Fernando Schemelzer de Moraes; Carneiro, Teiliane Rodrigues; Pinheiro, Marta Cristhiany Cunha; Queiroz, José Ájax Nogueira

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0249-2014

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Schistosoma mansoni modulates the host's immune response and induces protection against allergic diseases [1,39]. By contrast, anti-Asc IgE presence is associated with asthma and rhinitis symptoms [6,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with decreased risk of respiratory allergy symptoms and low production of CCL2

Nóbrega

Nascimento

Santos

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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objectives We measured the production of cytokines, chemokines and antibodies involved in allergic responses and sCD23 levels during Schistosoma mansoni infection.methods Individuals (n = 164) were selected using the ISAAC questionnaire and parasitological exams. The subjects were divided as follows: those infected individuals with allergy-related symptoms (A-I), those with allergy-related symptoms only (A-NI); those only infected (NA-I); and those noninfected individuals without allergy-related symptoms (NA-NI). We used supernatants from cell culture (mitogenic stimulation) to measure cytokine and chemokine levels using cytometric bead arrays. Serum levels of anti-Ascaris lumbricoides (Asc) and anti-Blomia tropicalis IgE were measured using ImmunoCAP, and sCD23 was measured using ELISA.results Schistosoma mansoni infection was associated with a lower risk of allergy-related symptoms. In A-I, there were higher levels of TNF-a, IL-10, IL-6, IFN-c and CXCL8 than in NA-NI group, with TNF-a and IL-6 also at higher levels compared to A-NI group. Levels of IL-6, CXCL8, total and anti-Asc IgE, as well as the numbers of eosinophils, were higher in NA-I than in NA-NI, and the antibodies were also lower in A-NI than in NA-I group. In AI and NA-I, there was less production of CCL2 than in NA-NI. There were no differences in the levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-17, CCL5, sCD23 and anti-Blomia IgE.conclusions Patients with allergy-related symptoms and infected (simultaneously) had higher levels of IL-10; due to the infection, there was increased production of IL-6 and CXCL8 and less CCL2. These data may characterize deviation to Th1 or attenuation of the Th2 response in allergy sufferers in areas endemic for schistosomiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with decreased risk of respiratory allergy symptoms and low production of CCL2

Nóbrega

Nascimento

Santos

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…From what we have learned so far, the modified immune response by the parasite is in accordance with the 'hygiene hypothesis' (Stiemsma et al, 2015;Versini et al, 2015;Alexandre-Silva et al, 2018;Bach, 2018), associating the dramatic increase in autoimmune and allergic diseases, observed in recent decades in industrialized countries, with the reduced exposure to diverse infectious agents. Indeed, epidemiological evidence supports the fact that schistosomiasis can protect against allergy in an endemic population (Medeiros et al, 2003;Oliveira et al, 2014). Therefore, exploring the schistosomal 'strategy' may facilitate the development Journal of Extracellular Vesicles 2015 (Fanny C. Nowacki et al) of novel diagnostic tools (Meningher et al, 2017;Weerakoon et al, 2018;Silva-Moraes et al, 2019), vaccines (Sotillo et al, 2016;Mekonnen et al, 2020) and therapeutic approaches for human schistosomiasis and immune dysregulation (Siles-Lucas et al, 2015;Ayelign et al, 2020).…”

Section: Summary and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles: Schistosomal Long-Range Precise Weapon to Manipulate the Immune Response

Avni

2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis), a neglected tropical disease that affects more than 240 million people around the world, is caused by infection with the helminth parasite Schistosoma. As part of their secretome, schistosomes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that modulate the host immune response. The EV-harbored miRNAs upregulate the innate immune response of the M1 pathway and downregulate the differentiation toward the adaptive Th2 immunity. A schistosomal egg-derived miRNA increases the percentage of regulatory T cells. This schistosomal-inducible immunoediting process generates ultimately a parasitic friendly environment that is applied carefully as restrained Th2 response is crucial for the host survival and successful excretion of the eggs. Evidence indicates a selective targeting of schistosomal EVs, however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear yet. The effects of the schistosomes on the host immune system is in accordance with the hygiene hypothesis, attributing the dramatic increase in recent decades in allergy and other diseases associated with imbalanced immune response, to the reduced exposure to infectious agents that co-evolved with humans during evolution. Deciphering the bioactive cargo, function, and selective targeting of the parasite-secreted EVs may facilitate the development of novel tools for diagnostics and delivered therapy to schistosomiasis, as well as to immune-associated disorders.

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“…Asthmatics infected with S. mansoni appear to have a lower frequency of SPT and a more benign form of the disease compared to uninfected asthmatics also living in rural areas . Even in a setting of low endemicity in Brazil, it appears that S. mansoni infection may reduce the risk of SPT positivity to one or more antigens . In a study of the role of host genetics in determining susceptibility to schistosomiasis, significant heritability was observed both for total serum IgE levels (60%) and for host egg count with S. mansoni (31%), although the specific genetic markers associated with these effects were not identified .…”

Section: Helminths and Allergy In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…84 Even in a setting of low endemicity in Brazil, it appears that S. mansoni infection may reduce the risk of SPT positivity to one or more antigens. 85 In a study of the role of host genetics in determining susceptibility to schistosomiasis, significant heritability was observed both for total serum IgE levels (60%) and for host egg count with S. mansoni (31%), although the specific genetic markers associated with these effects were not identified. 86 This study demonstrated that, in the context of a population where the primary environmental stimulus for type 2 immune pathways (measured indirectly by total IgE) was helminth infection, the regulation of host immunity was also likely to be due to host genetic factors.…”

Section: >14%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites and allergy: Observations from Brazil

Andrade

Carneiro

Cerqueira

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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Brazil is a middle-income country undergoing the epidemiological transition. Effects of changes in daily life habits and access to clean water, sanitation and urban services on a growing urban population have contributed to a double burden of both infectious and noncommunicable chronic diseases. Studies have indicated that parasite infections may modulate the human immune system and influence the development of allergic conditions such as asthma. However, there is no consensus in the published literature on the effects of parasitic infections on allergy, perhaps as a consequence of factors determining the epidemiology of these infections that vary between populations such as age of first infection, duration and chronicity of infections, parasite burden and species, and host genetic susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the observations from Brazil concerning the relationship between parasite infections and allergy.

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Association between allergic responses and Schistosoma mansoni infection in residents in a low-endemic setting in Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with decreased risk of respiratory allergy symptoms and low production of CCL2

Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with decreased risk of respiratory allergy symptoms and low production of CCL2

Extracellular Vesicles: Schistosomal Long-Range Precise Weapon to Manipulate the Immune Response

Parasites and allergy: Observations from Brazil

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