Molecular diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Acre State in the Amazonian Region of Brazil

Araujo-Pereira, Thais de; Pita-Pereira, Daniela de; Moreira, Regina Barbosa; Silva-Galdino, Tainah; Duarte, Márcia Pereira de Oliveira; Brazil, Reginaldo Peçanha; Britto, Constança

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0232-2017

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Our study showed that most cases were due to L. (V.) braziliensis, which was identified in 31.6% (n = 24) of the samples. In Brazil, this species is the main causative agent of CL with a recent report of expansion in the Amazon [22,23]. Our findings suggests that this species may be circulating and causing the disease in all municipalities in the State, as it was identified in at least one municipality of each micro-region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Leishmania (L) amazonensis was the second most identified species and was detected in the municipalities of Boa Vista, Alto Alegre, Cantá, Caroebe, Mucajaí, São Luiz and Amajarí and in Venezuela. As observed in other states of the Amazonian region [19,22], this species has an important role in public health, since it is associated with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL), which induces anergy in the individual's immune cell response. In addition, there have been reports of mucosal cases caused by this parasite species [1,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and identification of Leishmania species in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Roraima, Brazil's Amazon Region

et al. 2021

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Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in Brazil that is highly prevalent in the northern region of the country. Although there is a continuous and growing number of cases registered in the state of Roraima, there is limited information regarding the species of Leishmania that affect the human population. In this study, we aimed to characterize which Leishmania species cause human disease in those presenting with cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic areas of the State of Roraima. Methods We conducted a prospective surveillance study between 2016 to 2018 in health centers located in the State of Roraima, Brazil. Participants with clinical suspicion of CL were enrolled and provided lesion samples for parasitological detection by microscopy. A subset of the samples was tested by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1 PCR) for molecular species identification. Results A total of 262 participants were enrolled in this study. Of those, 129 (49.27%) were positive by parasitological examination. Most positive subjects (81.58%) were male, and most cases presented a single lesion (80.26%). ITS-1 PCR and sequencing on a subset of 76 samples allowed us to detect nine different species of Leishmania: L. (V.) braziliensis, L (V.) panamensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) naiffi, L. (V.) shawi, L.(V.) utingensis, L. (V.) lindenbergi, L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) mexicana. Conclusions Our study provides the first assessment of circulating species of Leishmania in the State of Roraima, Brazil, and shows the high diversity in this region. This study opens the path for further research on the transmission of leishmaniasis in the northernmost Brazilian State including vector and reservoir surveillance as well as for intensification of investigation and control activities against CL in the region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and identification of Leishmania species in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Roraima, Brazil's Amazon Region

et al. 2021

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“…These two parasites were also identified by our group in cutaneous lesions of individuals living in Brasiléia. (44) According to the essential criteria of Killick-Kendrick, (45) these results provide further elements on the putative vector role of Ny. shawi regarding L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (V.) guyanensis enzootics in the study area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

An overview of the sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) followed by the detection of Leishmania DNA and blood meal identification in the state of Acre, Amazonian Brazil

Araujo-Pereira

Pita-Pereira

Baia-Gomes

et al. 2020

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Molecular methods based upon the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of Leishmania DNA have been widespread for diagnosis of the causative species of CL [ 12 – 15 ]. Many such PCR assays have been reported in the literature, but most of the PCR amplification protocols have low accuracy to identify all species complexes, have no validity testing on clinical samples and some of them need post-PCR procedures such as sequencing, restriction digestion or melting curve analysis, which are not readily available in remote locations [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a universal PCR assay to identify different Leishmania species causative of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis

et al. 2020

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Background: The characterization of Leishmania species is important for clinical management of the diseases and the epidemiological control of the parasite distribution. Most of the published polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification methods lack the ability to identify all species complexes, have low performance and usually need post-PCR procedures. There is a need for improving the diagnosis of CL by development of an accurate affordable PCR method to identify all Leishmania species in clinical specimens. Methods: We designed an optimized a PCR amplifying the internal transcribed spacer 2 sequence of the ribosomal RNA gene (ITS2) aligned from different strains of CL-causing Leishmania species in the Old World. The performance of the method was evaluated on lesion samples from several CL suspected patients and the limit of detection (LOD) was determined on DNA of promastigotes from reference strains. Results: The universal PCR enabled simultaneous discrimination of L. major, L. tropica and L. infantum using one primer pair in one reaction. Stained smear microscopy and Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) medium culture alone detected 77.27% (17/22) and 72.73% (16/22) of the positive CL samples, respectively. The PCR assay showed 100% sensitivity (22/22) (95% CI: 84.56-100%) and 100% specificity (3/3) (95% CI: 29.24-100%) for species identification on isolates from lesion scraping/exudate and 100% sensitivity (13/13) (95% CI: 75.29-100%) and 100% specificity (11/11) (95% CI: 71.51-100%) for species identification on biopsy samples of CL patients, while being capable to successfully amplify as little as 0.01-0.1 pg of Leishmania DNA from cultured promastigotes. Conclusions: We present a validated easy-to-use affordable universal PCR assay to identify the most common Old World Leishmania species causing CL. This PCR assay could be used as a sensitive/specific technique to diagnose CLcausing Leishmania species in clinical samples with high accuracy.

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Molecular diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Acre State in the Amazonian Region of Brazil

Abstract: These results are congruent with the previous reports in Acre and Bolivia, revealing L. braziliensis as the most prevalent species. L. guyanensis identification also corroborates with the epidemiology of the disease in the Amazon Basin.

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Diagnosis and identification of Leishmania species in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Roraima, Brazil's Amazon Region

Diagnosis and identification of Leishmania species in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Roraima, Brazil's Amazon Region

An overview of the sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) followed by the detection of Leishmania DNA and blood meal identification in the state of Acre, Amazonian Brazil

Performance of a universal PCR assay to identify different Leishmania species causative of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis

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