High-risk behaviors for hepatitis B and C infections among female sex workers

Puga, Marco Antonio Moreira; Bandeira, Larissa Melo; Weis, Sabrina Moreira dos Santos; Fernandes, Fernanda Rodas Pires; Castro, Ludiele Souza; Tanaka, Tayana Serpa Ortiz; Rezende, Grazielli Rocha de; Teles, Sheila Araújo; Castro, Vivianne de Oliveira Landgraf de; Murat, Paula Guerra; Capelin, Gina Jonasson Mousquer; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0231-2017

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…[4][5][6] HBV can be transmitted through parenteral, perinatal, and sexual routes. 1,2,7,8 A number of different behaviors represent risk factors associated with the different HBV transmission routes, and the most vulnerable groups are sex workers, healthcare professionals, hemodialysis and blood transfusion patients, men who have sex with men, and illicit drug users. 2,8,9 Unprotected sex, large numbers of partners of unknown sexual history, and the use of illicit drugs are the principal factors determining the vulnerability of sex workers to HBV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

et al. 2019

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In South America, the Amazon basin is considered an endemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, epidemiological studies with vulnerable groups are scarce. Female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections due to a combination of their sexual behavior and socio-economic conditions. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of HBV infections and HBV–hepatitis C virus, HBV–hepatitis D virus, HBV–HIV, and HBV–human T-lymphotropic virus co-infections among FSWs in the Marajó Archipelago, northern Brazil, as well as identifying the HBV genotypes circulating in this population. A total of 153 FSWs in 5 towns and 18 riverside communities were included in the study. The HBV infection and co-infections were diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The HBV genotypes were detected by sequencing and were then analyzed phylogenetically. Most of the FSWs surveyed were single, young, heterosexual, and born locally, with low levels of education. Overall, 21 (13.7%) had been exposed to HBV, and HBV-DNA was detected in 13 (8.5%). Genotypes A (69.2%), D (23.1%), and F (7.7%) were detected. Seven cases of co-infections with other viruses were detected. These findings indicate a clear need for urgent measures to control the spread of HBV and other pathogens, and to promote the health of the local FSWs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

et al. 2019

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, FSWs may act as reservoirs of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and have an increased potential for the dissemination of pathogens to their partners and clients, contributing to the infection spread in the general population [30,31]. Low adherence to condom use, multiple sexual partners, unsafe sexual practices, illicit drug use, presence of genital ulcerative disease, and co-infection with other STIs increase the risk of HCV transmission [31][32][33][34]. In the state of Pará (Amazon region), a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infections (13.7%) and Treponema pallidum (36.9%) were detected in FSWs; the consumption of illicit drugs, unprotected intercourse, exemption of condoms for regular clients or those paying an extra fee, and more than five years of sex trade were all shown to be risk factors for acquiring these pathogens [30,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus among Female Sex Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted along Rivers and Highways in the Amazon Region

et al. 2019

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Background: Previous studies found a high prevalence of pathogens among female sex workers (FSWs) in the Amazon region, and established their parenteral and sexual transmission. This study estimated the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and associated risk factors, and the frequency of HCV genotypes and resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) in this vulnerable group. Methods: Distinct sampling methods were used to access 412 FSWs in cities and riverside communities in the Amazon region from 2015 to 2018. Three methods for HCV diagnosis were used to determine infection status. HCV genotypes and RASs were identified by sequencing and nucleotide fragment analysis. An association between HCV infection and exposure factors was determined by bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: In total, 44 (10.7%) FSWs were exposed to HCV, and 32 (7.8%) of them had active infection. Nine socioeconomic characteristics and risky sexual behaviors were associated with HCV exposure, particularly unprotected sex and condom exemption for the clients who paid extra money. Genotype 1 (81.3%) and 3 (18.7%) were detected. The frequency of FSWs with RASs was 23.1% (6/26) for grazoprevir related to the occurrence of substitutions Y56F and S122G. Conclusions: HCV infection among FSWs is highly prevalent and dominated by genotype I. Urgent preventive and treatment measures are required to reduce HCV infection in FSWs and the general population.

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“…Although HCV transmission is mainly transmitted through blood, the literature reports indicate increasing sexual transmission, notably through traumatic sexual intercourse [8 -10]. FSW are a known group of highrisk for sexually transmitted infections [11], including HBV, HCV, and HDV [12]. Failure to use condoms, having multiple sexual partners, sexual violence, and co-infections with other sexually transmitted infections increase the risk of acquisition and transmission of hepatitis B, D, and C viruses [12 -15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B, C and Delta Viruses’ Infections and Correlate Factors Among Female Sex Workers in Burkina Faso, West-Africa

Ouédraogo¹,

Kouanda²,

Goodman³

et al. 2019

TOVJ

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Background:Female Sex Workers (FSW) have increased vulnerability to viral hepatitis B, C and D transmission. Our study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C and D viruses and their associated factors among FSW in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study among FSW at least 18 years old in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Data were collected from February 2013 to May 2013 using Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS). Hepatitis B, C, and D tests were performed on FSW storage serums using fourth generation ELISA kits. Survey-weighted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version 14 to identify factors associated with viral hepatitis infections. Results:Population-weighted prevalence of viral hepatitis infections in FSW was respectively 18.2% (95%CI: 14.4-22.9) for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), 10.6% (95%CI: 07.5-14.8) for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and 1.5% (95Cl: 0.2-10.3) for Hepatitis D Virus (HDV). Factors independently associated with HCV include positive HIV status, inconsistent condom use during the last 12 months, condom reuse with clients, sex with clients in the street, bars or public gardens. No sociodemographic or behavioral factors were independently associated with HBV infection. Conclusion:The prevalence of HBV and HCV was high among FSW and the prevalence of HDV was relatively low in this group in Burkina Faso. These findings suggest urgent and comprehensive prevention of these viruses through education for safer sex and behaviors, and immunization against HBV for FSW.

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High-risk behaviors for hepatitis B and C infections among female sex workers

Abstract: This hard-to-reach population requires hepatitis B and C surveillance.

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

Hepatitis C Virus among Female Sex Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted along Rivers and Highways in the Amazon Region

Hepatitis B, C and Delta Viruses’ Infections and Correlate Factors Among Female Sex Workers in Burkina Faso, West-Africa

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