Detection of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living New World primates (Sapajus spp.; Alouatta caraya) captured in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction:A sero-epidemiological survey was undertaken to detect the circulation of arboviruses in free-living non-human primates. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 16 non-human primates ( 13 Sapajus spp. and three Alouatta caraya) that were captured using terrestrial traps and anesthetic darts in woodland regions in the municipalities of Campo Grande, Aquidauana, Jardim, Miranda and Corumbá in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were sent to the Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC) in Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil, to detect antibodies against 19 species of arboviruses using a hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). Results: Of the 16 primates investigated in the present study, fi ve (31.2%) were serologically positive for an arbovirus. Of these fi ve, two (12.5%) exhibited antibodies to the Flavivirus genus, one (6.2%) exhibited a monotypic reaction to Cacipacoré virus, one (6.2%) was associated with Mayaro virus, and one (6.2%) was positive for Oropouche virus. Conclusions: Based on the positive serology observed in the present study, it was possible to conclude that arboviruses circulate among free-living primates. The viruses in the areas studied might have been introduced by infected humans or by primates from endemic or enzootic areas. Studies of this nature, as well as effi cient and continuous surveillance programs, are needed to monitor viral activities in endemic and enzootic regions.

Características gerais e epidemiologia dos arbovírus emergentes no Brasil

“…Assim, um diagnóstico precoce e específico da infecção pelos alfavírus é importante para a determinação da conduta médica e adoção de medidas preventivas eficientes 36,37 . 33 .…”

Isolation and genotyping of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.)

“…Recently, a new species called Sapajus flavius was rediscovered in Brazil (BACALHAO et al, 2016), but it is already listed as an endangered species (BRAZIL, 2014). Despite the known importance of NHP as reservoirs of human pathogens, there are few studies focusing specifically on capuchin monkeys (BATISTA et al, 2013;ROCHA et al, 2015). Silva et al Clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen in humans and causes diarrhea and enterocolitis in domestic animals (RODRIGUEZ-PALACIOS et al, 2013).…”

Evaluation of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living non-human primates (Alouatta spp., Callithrix spp., Sapajus spp.) in Brazil

“…Similarly, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, 65 NHPs were analyzed for the presence of antibodies against arboviruses (e.g., Flavivirus genus, Mayaro virus and Oropouche virus), and 18 animals showed positive test results (21) . In the same region, 16 NHP blood samples were examined, and fi ve tested positive for antibodies against arboviruses, including Flavivirus (n = 3), Mayaro (n = 1) and Oropouche (n = 1) (22) .…”