Canine visceral leishmaniasis in area with recent Leishmania transmission: prevalence, diagnosis, and molecular identification of the infecting species

Lopes, José Maria de Andrade; Michalsky, Érika Monteiro; Pereira, Nathália Cristina Lima; Paula, Adão Júnior Viana de; Souza, Andreza Geisiane Maia; Pinheiro, Letícia Cavalari; Lima, Ana Cristina Vianna Mariano da Rocha; Avelar, Daniel Moreira de; França-Silva, João Carlos; Lanzetta, Virgínia Aguiar Sorice; Melo, Jarbas de; Fortes-Dias, Consuelo Latorre; Dias, Edelberto Santos

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0141-2020

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…O censo canino realizado na área urbana de Três Lagoas, em 2013, contabilizou 20.336 cães, ou seja, 1:5,4 habitantes, superior ao estimado pelo Ministério da Saúde de 10% da população humana, 10.709 cães. Na literatura foi encontrado que o resultado estimado do número de cães por habitantes para cidades maiores que 100 mil habitantes é uma relação de 1:4 habitantes (22).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

OCORRÊNCIA DA INFECÇÃO NATURAL PARA Leishmania spp. NA POPULAÇÃO CANINA DOMICILIADA E HUMANA DE TRÊS LAGOAS-MS E ANÁLISE ESPACIAL

Zuque

Manzini

Bertozzo

et al. 2022

RVZ

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A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV), doença negligenciada de caráter crônico e sistêmico, causada pelo parasita Leishmania spp. representa um problema de saúde pública, principalmente em países com população vulnerável, como o Brasil. Devido à urbanização de grandes centros, cães configuram um importante reservatório no ciclo urbano, precedendo casos humanos e contribuindo para a manutenção de casos de Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC). Entretanto, poucos inquéritos sorológicos somados à analise espacial envolvendo a população humana e animal foram descritos no município de Três Lagoas. Diante disso, o objetivo do estudo foi identificar e descrever a ocorrência da infecção natural por Leishmania spp. na população canina domiciliada e humana de Três Lagoas – MS, Brasil, utilizando-se das técnicas sorológicas de Dual Path Platform (DPP), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) e Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI), bem como molecular para Leishmania spp. e análise por georreferenciamento. Para isso, foram coletadas 566 amostras sanguíneas de cães. Além disso, informações epidemiológicas adicionais foram coletadas do sistema de saúde do município, e posteriormente, a análise espacial foi realizada. Como resultados obteve-se 267 amostras reagentes ao teste DPP, 267 amostras reagentes ao ELISA e 97 à RIFI, com 95% de concordância entre os métodos DPP e ELISA. Das amostras submetidas à PCR, 16 foram positivas para Leishmania spp. O uso do georreferenciamento para LVC canina em Três Lagoas forneceu subsídios para identificar áreas com prioridade de intervenção para o controle da doença. A presença de flebotomíneos, associado à localização geográfica, bem como às condições ambientais na região estudada, foram favoráveis à sua disseminação, bem como à transmissão da doença aos cães e a humanos.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

OCORRÊNCIA DA INFECÇÃO NATURAL PARA Leishmania spp. NA POPULAÇÃO CANINA DOMICILIADA E HUMANA DE TRÊS LAGOAS-MS E ANÁLISE ESPACIAL

Zuque

Manzini

Bertozzo

et al. 2022

RVZ

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“…As a result of the higher density of dogs and humans, the zoonotic role of dogs with CanL is far more concerning in urban areas. Amastigotes from this protozoon present in the skin of infected dogs can be transmitted first to sandflies vectors and then to humans [11,12]. In many Brazilian cities, CanL outbreaks have been reported to precede the onset of HVL cases [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Leishmaniasis in Southern Brazil: Diagnosis and Clinical Features in Domestic Dogs

Fraga,

da Silveira,

Freitas Salla

et al. 2024

Zoonotic Diseases

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Leishmania infantum is a hemopathogen of importance for the health of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), causing canine leishmaniasis (CanL), and it is also the etiological agent of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL). This parasite was not reported in southern Brazil until the early 2000s, but CanL and HVL were increasingly reported in the last 15 years, mainly in cities bordering Argentina. The present study aimed to detect L. infantum in domestic dogs and to determine the main clinical manifestations in infected animals from Uruguaiana, a city with a high incidence of CanL. Fifty-one dogs suspected of having CanL in the urban perimeter of the city were clinically examined by veterinarians and investigated for the occurrence of L. infantum with two immunoassays (rapid chromatography test and ELISA) and real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Clinical signs were compared in positive and negative L. infantum animals. A total of 31 dogs (60.8%) were infected with L. infantum. The main clinical manifestations associated with CanL dogs were onychogryphosis and peeling (p < 0.05). L. infantum was frequently detected in urban dogs from Uruguaiana, highlighting the concerning situation regarding health in this city. The occurrence of some clinical signs (onychogryphosis/peeling) could help to detect CanL more frequently in the canine population.

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“…When recent canine censuses are available, prevalence studies are able to obtain a representative sample fairly easily by extracting a random sample from the census or performing the serosurvey alongside the census. Surveys of this type may be carried out due to the known presence of human or canine cases of VL ( 14 ). Even when canine censuses are present, limitations remain because they are rarely up to date and do not include free roaming dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Sampling Model to Study the Epidemiology of Canine Leishmaniasis in an Urban Environment

et al. 2021

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Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases in the world. The domestic dog is the main reservoir of zoonotic VL and a high prevalence of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is associated with transmission of infection to humans. Here we describe the methodology used to obtain a rapid and representative sample of domestic dogs in the city of Posadas, Misiones, and compare the prevalence of Leishmania infection with a sample of shelter dogs.Methodology: We used the city land registry to make a random selection of homes and systematically recruited 349 domestic dogs from the selected properties. We also included all dogs from the main canine shelter within the city. Dogs were examined by two experienced veterinarians who recorded the presence of clinical signs common in CanL using a standardized protocol. We extracted a blood sample from each dog and performed four different serological tests to reveal the presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies.Results: After clinical examination, 145 domestic dogs (41.5%) and 63 (90%) shelter dogs had clinical signs compatible with CanL (p < 0.001). The seroprevalence among domestic dogs was 20.1% (95% CI 16.1–24.6) which was significantly lower than among the abandoned dogs (38.6%, 95% CI 27.7–50.6, p < 0.001). The spatial distribution of infected dogs was fairly homogenous throughout the city. Among domestic dogs, we observed a positive association between where the dog slept and presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies (p = 0.034). Of the seropositive domestic dogs 38 (54.4%) were asymptomatic.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate how seroprevalence results can be highly influenced by sampling methodology. We demonstrate how the land registry can be used to estimate the prevalence of CanL in representative sample of domestic dogs in an urban setting, allowing decision makers to deepen their understanding the epidemiology of CanL in a timely and efficient manner for the development of plans to address both human and canine disease.

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Canine visceral leishmaniasis in area with recent Leishmania transmission: prevalence, diagnosis, and molecular identification of the infecting species

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

OCORRÊNCIA DA INFECÇÃO NATURAL PARA Leishmania spp. NA POPULAÇÃO CANINA DOMICILIADA E HUMANA DE TRÊS LAGOAS-MS E ANÁLISE ESPACIAL

OCORRÊNCIA DA INFECÇÃO NATURAL PARA Leishmania spp. NA POPULAÇÃO CANINA DOMICILIADA E HUMANA DE TRÊS LAGOAS-MS E ANÁLISE ESPACIAL

Canine Leishmaniasis in Southern Brazil: Diagnosis and Clinical Features in Domestic Dogs

A Novel Sampling Model to Study the Epidemiology of Canine Leishmaniasis in an Urban Environment

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