Objective: Mirabegron is widely considered as an effective and safe drug for patients with overactive bladder (OAB). However, there is no evidence regarding the efficacy of mirabegron in human T cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients with OAB symptoms. The aim of the present study was to clarify the efficacy of mirabegron in HAM/TSP patients with OAB symptoms.Methods: The present study evaluated the efficacy of mirabegron treatment (50 mg, once daily) in nineteen HAM/TSP patients with OAB symptoms by assessing subjective symptoms using the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) before and 12 weeks after administration. Voided volume (VV), maximum flow rate (Q max ), and post-void residual (PVR) urine volume were evaluated as objective symptoms.