Oleuropein: Methods for extraction, purifying and applying

Abstract

Oleuropein is one of the most abundant phenolic compounds present in olive leaves, and many studies have shown that this compound has important biological properties (anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral) and that is why it has been gaining prominence in research. Oleuropein can be extracted from different sources using standard and unconventional methods, and can be recovered and purified (mainly by chromatographic techniques), for later use in several areas. The literature presents information about oleuropein alone in scientific research with different objectives, however, it was observed by the authors that studies that compile the existing information on these secoiridoides are very scarce and, therefore, this review was developed with the aim of providing current information to the scientific community, about the different techniques of extraction and purification of oleuropein, as well as the opportunities for applications and uses of this compound.

Flour made from fruit by‐products: Characteristics, processing conditions, and applications

“…The composition of fruit and, consequently, resulting flours differ from each other, because several factors interfere in concentrations of their compounds. Some variables are the type and variety of fruit, soil, climatic conditions, and stage of ripeness (Otero et al, 2020).…”

“…The composition of fruit and, consequently, resulting flours differ from each other, because several factors interfere in concentrations of their compounds. Some variables are the type and variety of fruit, soil, climatic conditions, and stage of ripeness (Otero et al, 2020). As for postharvest factors, the collection method, fruit processing, storage conditions, and conservation methods used in the flour can be mentioned.…”

Leaves of Olea europaea L. as a source of oleuropein: characteristics and biological aspects

“…There are reports of the use of this compound in food preservation as a natural antioxidant, in sanitizing formulations and as a functional component in dairy products. The effects of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the treatment of diseases have also been investigated (Otero et al, 2020). Oleuropein and its derivatives have biological activities, containing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties and health protection effects in cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and neurological diseases (Yoon, 2018).…”

Freezing effect on the oleuropein content of olive leaves extracts obtained from microwave-assisted extraction

“…Extraction processes are required that combine reasonable energy expenditure requirements with short times and reduced use of solvents, as well as the choice of non-toxic solvents, maintaining the efficiency of conventional solid–liquid extractions, such as maceration (Meullemiestre et al 2016 ; da Rosa et al 2019 ; Kırbaşlar and Şahin 2021 ). Thus, unconventional extraction techniques such as microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and extraction using supercritical fluid are being applied to obtain valuable bioactive compounds from natural matrices (Otero et al 2020 ). Among these techniques, microwave-assisted extraction is promising and was chosen in this study.…”

“…Among these techniques, microwave-assisted extraction is promising and was chosen in this study. This technique uses less solvent, has a low extraction cost and, as the main advantage, reduces extraction time (Otero et al 2020 ; Rosa et al 2021 ).…”