Development, production, and quality of ‘Chonto’ type tomato grafted on cherry tomato introductions

Abstract

Atualmente, o tomate é uma das culturas mais cultivadas no mundo, com o maior valor econômico, aumentando sua demanda e, assim, sua expansão, produção e comercialização. A cultura do tomate é suscetível ao ataque de patógenos com consequências devastadoras no declínio da produtividade de 50 para 100%. Por esta razão, novos métodos de produção são propostos, como o uso de porta-enxertos selvagens, que possuem alta variabilidade genética e genes responsáveis pela resistência a fungos, bactérias, vírus e nematoides. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do enxerto de cultivares comerciais de tomateiro sobre genótipos de tomateiro em produtividade e qualidade de frutos. O experimento foi organizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. A unidade experimental consistiu em quatro plantas, espaçadas a 0,9 m entre linhas (canais), 0,30 m entre linhas duplas e 0,4 m entre plantas. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação dos seguintes fatores: três porta-enxertos promissores (IAC391, IAC426 e LA2076), dois enxertos comerciais (Calima e Torrano), dois métodos de enxertia (fenda e inglês simples) e dois controles comerciais não enxertados. Os componentes de rendimento, teor de sólidos solúveis, porcentagem de qualidade dos frutos e peso médio dos frutos foram avaliados. O IAC391 foi o porta-enxerto mais promissor, alcançando produções semelhantes às dos controles. O método de enxertia de fenda atingiu uma taxa de sucesso de 98,3%. O enxerto comercial Torrano se destacou por alcançar os maiores rendimentos.Palavras-chave: fenda; inglês simples; Torrano; Calima; porta enxerto. ABSTRACT RESUMODevelopment, production, and quality of 'Chonto' type tomato grafted on cherry tomato introductions 1 Currently, tomato is one of the most cultivated crops worldwide, with the highest economic value, increasing its demand and, thus, its expansion, production, and trade. The tomato crop is susceptible to attack of pathogens with devastating consequences on the decline in yields from 50 to 100%. For this reason, new production methods are proposed such as grafting in wild rootstocks, which have high genetic variability and genes responsible for resistance to fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of grafting commercial tomato cultivars onto cherry tomato genotypes on yield and fruit quality. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental unit consisted of four plants. spaced at 0.9 m between rows (channels), 0.30 m between double rows, and 0.4 m between plants. The treatments consisted of the combination of the following factors: three promising rootstocks (IAC391, IAC426, and LA2076), two commercial scions (Calima and Torrano), two grafting methods (cleft and splice), and two ungrafted commercial controls. Yield components, soluble solids content, percentage of fruit quality, and average fruit weight were evaluated. IAC391 was the most promising rootstock, reaching productions similar to those of th...

Instrumental and sensory analyses of fruit quality attributes of grafted grape tomatoes in high tunnel organic production systems

“…Similar effects of rootstock on cherry tomato fruit SSC and TA were also reported by Abu Glion et al 11 . Franco et al 39 . reported that rootstocks increased cherry tomato fruit SSC relative to the non‐grafted control.…”

“…12,37 However, Albino et al 9 demonstrated that grafting cherry tomato with interspecific rootstocks (S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites) resulted in similar SSC, TA, SSC/TA, and pH as the non-grafted cherry tomato. Similar effects of rootstock on cherry tomato fruit SSC and TA were also reported by Abu Glion et al 11 Franco et al 39 reported that rootstocks increased cherry tomato fruit SSC relative to the non-grafted control. Rootstock effects on tomato fruit SSC, TA, SSC/TA, and pH should be more systematically examined and categorized by grafting with different scions and under different growing conditions in future studies.…”

Primary metabolism and initial development of grafted black pepper seedlings

“…The larger diameter of the stem below the grafting point found in the rootstock P. aduncum is also the only material whose diameter below the grafting point was greater than the diameter above the grafting pointmay be indicative of incompatibility. However, according to Franco et al (2018), the larger diameter in the rootstock than in the graft is desirable because it raises the pressure, which results in rapid distribution of the solutes throughout the plant structure. An interesting fact observed is that there was a greater depletion of TSS in the stem above the grafting point and a reduction of RS in the stem below and in the roots, indicating that the carbohydrates were being directed to other organs, such as the growth in diameter of the stem and shoots of the rootstock (Ferriani & Krinski, 2019), considering that it was the species whose shoots were more intense.…”

Exogenous 24‐epibrassinolide activates detoxification enzymes to promote degradation of boscalid in cherry tomatoes

“…Cherry tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a worldwide‐cultivated vegetable and is favorably received by consumers for its high nutritional value and pleasant taste 1 . However, tomato crops are vulnerable to various diseases, from the field through to postharvest handling, of which gray mold is the most common one 2 .…”