Phenotypic correlations and path analysis for plant architecture traits and grain production in three generations of cowpea

Abstract

RESUMOThe objective of this study was to analyze the phenotypic correlation and path analysis of traits related to plant architecture, earliness and grain yield in F 2 , RC 1 and RC 2 generations, from crosses between cowpea cultivars BRS Carijó and BR14 Mulato. Most phenotypic correlations of the examined traits were concordant in statistical significance, with approximate values among the examined generations. For the trait seed weight, significant and positive phenotypic correlations were observed in the three generations only for the trait number of secondary branches. The values of the direct effects were in agreement with the values of the phenotypic correlations, which indicate true association by the phenotypic correlation among the traits of grain yield examined. Path analysis indicated that the selection of productive plants will result in early plants and an increased number of secondary branches. In F 2, plants with shorter length of the main branch and shorter length of secondary branches can be obtained. The causal model explained 15 to 30% of the total variation in grain weight in relation to the traits examined. The analyses indicated the possibility of selecting plants with a higher and early grain yield, shorter length of primary branches and lower number of nodes, which are important variables for mechanical or semi-mechanical harvesting. Correlações fenotípicas e análise de trilha para caracteres da arquitetura da planta e produção de grãos em três gerações de feijão caupi O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar correlações fenotípicas e análise de trilha de caracteres relacionados à arquitetura da planta, precocidade e produção de grãos em gerações F2, RC1 e RC2, provenientes do cruzamento entre as cultivares de feijão caupi BRS Carijó e BR14 Mulato. A maioria das correlações fenotípicas dos caracteres avaliados foi concordante em significância, com valores aproximados nas gerações avaliadas. Para o caráter peso de grãos, foram observadas correlações fenotípicas significativas e positivas nas três gerações apenas com o caráter número de ramos secundários. Os valores dos efeitos diretos concordaram com os valores das correlações fenotípicas, indicando verdadeira associação entre os caracteres avaliados com peso de grãos. A análise de trilha indicou que a seleção de plantas produtivas resultará em plantas precoces e de maior número de ramos secundários. Em F2, plantas com menor comprimento de ramo principal e comprimento de ramos secundários poderão ser obtidas. O modelo causal explicou de 15 a 30% da variação total de peso de grãos em relação aos caracteres avaliados. As análises indicaram a possibilidade de selecionar plantas com maior produção de grãos, precoces, com menor comprimento de ramos primários e menor núme-ro nós, que são variáveis importantes para a colheita mecânica ou semi-mecânica.

Influence of Organic Fertilization on Agro-morphological Traits and Mineral Nutrient Content in Bean Grains

“…These results allow us to infer that leaf fall in the reproductive phase depends mainly on the supply of organic fertilizer in the soil, which indicates a reduction in the crop cycle. According to Ribeiro et al (2016) there is a high association between architecture and precocity of grain production. Carvalho et al (2003), state that there is an association between chlorophyll concentration, N content in leaves and grain yield in beans.…”

Association between agro-morphological traits in common bean under organic fertilization management in Brazil

“…According to Coelho et al (2002), the number of pods per plant showed a high correlation with grain yield in the summer-autumn season. According to Ribeiro et al (2016), the direct effects of phenotypic correlations indicate the true association between architecture and precocity of grain production.…”

Correlations and path analysis for quantitative characteristics in semi-prostrate cowpea bean genotypes (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

“…Therefore, effective selection requires information on correlations between grain yield and other traits, including components. However, this correlation does not clearly discriminate the direct and indirect effects of such traits because of alterations that may occur because of the selection pressure (Bhatt, 1973;Ribeiro et al, 2016).…”

“…For cowpea beans, the identification of direct and indirect effects of independent traits is important in the selection of cultivars that can satisfy Colombia's needs. This technique has been applied in the genus Vigna by Meena et al (2015); Hemavathy et al (2015); and Ribeiro et al (2016).…”