Effects of intra-dentate gyrus microinjection of myokine irisin on long-term potentiation in male rats

Mohammadi, Seyed Abolghasem; Oryan, Shahrbanoo; Komaki‬, Alireza; Eidi, Akram; Zarei, Mohammad

doi:10.1590/0004-282x20190184

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…According to the literature ( 32 33 ), an accelerating rotarod (47700; Ugo Basile) was used to examine the impact of KM on motor function. Time to falling was calculated in seconds by placing the normal rats on a rotarod with an increase in velocity (between 4 and 40 rpm in 5 min), which forced them to move onward to avoid falling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular microinjection of kaempferol on pain: possible mechanisms of action

et al. 2021

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Background and purpose: Kaempferol (KM), a flavonoid, has an anti-inflammatory and anticancer effect and prevents many metabolic diseases. Nonetheless, very few studies have been done on the antinociceptive effects of KM. This research aimed at assessing the involvement of opioids, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and inflammatory mediators in the antinociceptive effects of KM in male Wistar rats. Experimental approach: The intracerebroventricular and/or intrathecal administration of the compounds was done for examining their central impacts on the thermal and chemical pain by the tail-flick and formalin paw tests. For assessing the role of opioid and GABA receptors in the possible antinociceptive effects of KM, several antagonists were used. Also, a rotarod test was carried out for assessing motor performance. Findings/Results: The intracerebroventricular and/or intrathecal microinjections of KM (40 μg/rat) had partially antinociceptive effects in the tail-flick test in rats ( P < 0.05). In the formalin paw model, the intrathecal microinjection of KM had antinociceptive effects in phase 1 (20 and 40 μg/rat; P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and phase 2 (20 and 40 μg/rat; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Using naloxonazine and/or bicuculline approved the involvement of opioid and GABA receptors in the central antinociceptive effects of KM, respectively. Moreover, KM reduced the expression levels of caspase 6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6. The antinociceptive effects of KM were not linked to variations in the locomotor activity. Conclusion and implications: It can be concluded that KM has remarkable antinociceptive effects at a spinal level, which is associated with the presence of the inflammatory state. These impacts were undetectable following injections in the lateral ventricle. The possible mechanisms of KM antinociception are possibly linked to various modulatory pathways, including opioid and GABA receptors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular microinjection of kaempferol on pain: possible mechanisms of action

et al. 2021

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“…Extensive research has shown that exercise increases memory and cognition (reviewed in Pedersen and Saltin, 2015;Vecchio et al, 2018). A recent report has shown that Irisin injected directly into the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus, increases long term potentiation (LTP) in male rats (Mohammadi et al, 2019). Moreover, blocking FNDC5/Irisin decreased the maximal LTP induced at Schaffer-CA1 synapses in mouse hippocampal slices (Lourenco et al, 2019).…”

Section: Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Roles in Neuroprotection for the Exercise Derived Myokine Irisin

Farshbaf

Alviña

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Exercise has multiple beneficial effects on health including decreasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Such effects are thought to be mediated (at least in part) by myokines, a collection of cytokines and other small proteins released from skeletal muscles. As an endocrine organ, skeletal muscle synthesizes and secretes a wide range of myokines which contribute to different functions in different organs, including the brain. One such myokine is the recently discovered protein Irisin, which is secreted into circulation from skeletal muscle during exercise from its membrane bound precursor Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). Irisin contributes to metabolic processes such as glucose homeostasis and browning of white adipose tissue. Irisin also crosses the blood brain barrier and initiates a neuroprotective genetic program in the hippocampus that culminates with increased expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Furthermore, exercise and FNDC5/Irisin have been shown to have several neuroprotective effects against injuries in ischemia and neurodegenerative disease models, including Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, Irisin has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. In this review we present and summarize recent findings on the multiple effects of Irisin on neural function, including signaling pathways and mechanisms involved. We also discuss how exercise can positively influence brain function and mental health via the “skeletal muscle-brain axis.” While there are still many unanswered questions, we put forward the idea that Irisin is a potentially essential mediator of the skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk.

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“…According to the literature [27,28], a model 47700 accelerating rotarod (Ugo Basile, Italy) was used to examine the effect of KM on motor performance. The time to falling was calculated in seconds by placing the normal rats on a rotating drum with increasing speed (from 4 to 40 rpm in 5 min), which forced them to move onward to avoid falling.…”

Section: Rotarod Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Involvement of Serotonergic Mechanism(s) in the Antinociceptive Effects of kaempferol

Jabbari

Bananej

Zarei

et al. 2020

ajnpp

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Background and Objectives: A flavonoid kaempferol (KM) exerts an anti-inflammatory effect and is reportedly capable of preventing metabolic diseases. Nonetheless, a limited number of studies have been carried out on the antinociceptive effects of kaempferol. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of serotonin receptors in the antinociceptive-like activity of KM in male Wistar rats using the tail-flick test. Materials and Methods: The compounds (i.e., KM, morphine, and diclofenac) were intracerebroventricularly administered to rats for the examination of central effects on the thermal pain using the tail-flick test. For the evaluation of the involvement of serotonin receptors in the possible antinociceptive effects of kaempferol, several antagonists (i.e., tropisetron, ketanserin, GR113808, WAY 100635, and penbutolol) were used. Additionally, locomotor activity and motor responses were investigated by the rotarod test after KM treatment. Results: The intracerebroventricular microinjections of KM showed antinociceptive effects using the tail-flick test. The pretreatment with tropisetron as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist at 1 and 10 mg completely reversed the KM-related antinociception. Furthermore, ketanserin (5-HT2A receptor antagonist) and GR113808 (5-HT4 receptor antagonist) both at 10 mg reduced KM-related antinociception; however, 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY 100635 and 5-HT1B antagonist penbutolol did not decrease KM-related antinociception. All KM doses were not observed with a significant effect on locomotor activity or motor reactions. Conclusion: The results of the current study suggested that serotonergic receptors (i.e., 5-HT2A, 5-HT3, and 5-HT4) are effective in the KM antinociceptive activity in male rats.

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Effects of intra-dentate gyrus microinjection of myokine irisin on long-term potentiation in male rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular microinjection of kaempferol on pain: possible mechanisms of action

Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular microinjection of kaempferol on pain: possible mechanisms of action

Multiple Roles in Neuroprotection for the Exercise Derived Myokine Irisin

Possible Involvement of Serotonergic Mechanism(s) in the Antinociceptive Effects of kaempferol

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