Expressions of plasma cystatin C, D-dimer and hypersensitive C-reactive protein in patients with intracranial progressive hemorrhagic injury after craniocerebral injury, and their clinical significance

Abstract

Objective To investigate the expressions of plasma cystatin C (Cys-C), D-dimer (D-D) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with intracranial progressive hemorrhagic injury (IPHI) after craniocerebral injury, and their clinical significance. Methods Forty-two IPHI patients and 20 healthy participants (control) were enrolled. The severity and outcome of IPHI were determined according to the Glasgow Coma Scale and Glasgow Outcome Scale, and the plasma Cys-C, hs-CRP and D-D levels were measured. Results The plasma Cys-C, D-D and hs-CRP levels in the IPHI group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01). There were significant differences of plasma Cys-C, D-D and hs-CRP levels among different IPHI patients according to the Glasgow Coma Scale and according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (all p < 0.05). In the IPHI patients, the plasma Cys-C, D-D and hs-CRP levels were positively correlated with each other (p < 0.001). Conclusion The increase of plasma Cys-C, D-D and hs-CRP levels may be involved in IPHI after craniocerebral injury. The early detection of these indexes may help to understand the severity and outcome of IPHI.

Development of a nomogram to predict surgical site infection after open reduction and internal fixation for closed pilon fracture: a prospective single-center study

“…Hs-CRP can detect low concentrations of CRP by hypersensitive detection technology and reflect inflammatory state and tissue injury degree. Hs-CRP has been repeatedly discussed as an inexpensive and readily available immune/inflammatory biomarker-driven index and has been shown to predict adverse events in pneumonia [ 37 ], trauma [ 38 ] or cardiovascular disease [ 39 ] even mortality. Hs-CRP is present in the serum of patients with acute inflammation and is secreted by the liver.…”

Serum cystatin C was a marker of poststroke fatigue in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

“…Cys‐C, as one of the well‐known widely distributed cathepsin inhibitors, exists in all body fluids and participates in and regulates many physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, inflammation response, antibacterial, tumor metastasis, and bone matrix reabsorption (Reed, 2000). Cys‐C was involved in the damage and repair of neuronal tissues in the brain (Peng et al., (2019)). Studies demonstrated high serum Cys‐C level was independently associated with both ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, and Cys‐C level was an independent predictor for the risk of cardiovascular events and death in stroke patients (Xiao et al., (2012); You et al., 2016; Ni et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2019).…”