Sleep disorders in Down syndrome: a systematic review

Santos, Ravenna Araújo; Costa, Lellis Henrique; Linhares, Rebeca Coêlho; Pradella-Hallinan, Márcia; Coelho, Fernando Morgadinho Santos; Oliveira, Giuliano da Paz

doi:10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0242

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 63 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] The most significant risk of sleep disorders in this population may include difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Santos et al 6 indicate that the primary sleep disorder associated with the DS population is OSA. Compared with typical children, DS people have a 74% prevalence of sleep disorders when assessed by screening questionnaires, compared with 36% for the typical population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sleep assessment in adults with Down syndrome: correlation between functionality and polysomnographic findings

et al. 2023

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Background Sleep disorders have a negative impact on health, being associated with neurocognitive problems, cardiovascular diseases and obesity, influencing children's development and learning. Objective To assess the sleep pattern of people with Down syndrome (DS) and correlate changes with functionality and behavior. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the sleep pattern in adults with DS > 18 years old. Twenty-two participants were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Functional Independence Measure and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the 11 who presented indications of disorders by the screening questionnaires were referred to polysomnography. Statistical tests were performed using a significance level of 5%, including sample normality tests and correlation tests (sleep and functionality). Results Impairment in sleep architecture was found due to an increase in the rate of awakenings in 100% of the participants, a decrease in the number of slow waves, and a high prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), with higher averages in the Apnea and Hypopnea Index (AHI) in the group. There was a negative correlation between sleep quality and global functionality (p = 0.011) and the motor (p = 0.074), cognitive (p = 0.010), and personal care (p = 0.072) dimensions in the group. Global and hyperactivity behavior changes were related to worse sleep quality (p = 0.072; p = 0.015, respectively). Conclusion There is an impairment in the sleep quality of adults with DS, with an increase in the rate of awakenings, a decrease in the number of slow waves, and a high prevalence of SDB affecting this population in the functional and behavioral aspects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep assessment in adults with Down syndrome: correlation between functionality and polysomnographic findings

et al. 2023

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Parental perception of facilitators and barriers to health among young children with down syndrome: a qualitative study

Caldwell,

Kim,

Alshahwan

et al. 2023

Front. Pediatr.

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BackgroundDespite high rates of obesity and weight-related conditions observed in children with Down syndrome, little is known about how to prevent these conditions.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify parent-perceived facilitators and barriers to health for toddlers (12–36 months old) with Down syndrome.Materials and methodsWe conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the mothers of 25 toddlers with Down syndrome. All interviews were conducted using Zoom Video Technology, audio recorded and transcribed before being coded in NVivo software using a structured protocol. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes in perceived facilitators and barriers to health at the level of the child, family, and community. Data were triangulated using reflective journaling, video review of child meals, and member-checking techniques.ResultsWe identified unique themes for facilitators (on the move and sound sleep) and barriers (co-occurring conditions and eating behaviors) at the level of the child. At the level of the family and community, overarching themes that were viewed as either a facilitator or barrier, depending on the context, were identified (role models matter, time is critical, the importance of place, and social support).ConclusionThese themes can help clinicians and researchers tailor their health promotion interventions to meet the unique needs of children with Down syndrome by using strength-based approaches and providing families with the tools to overcome barriers.

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Sleep and behavioral problems in Down syndrome: differences between school age and adolescence

et al. 2023

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BackgroundIndividuals with Down syndrome (DS) are at risk of developing sleep problems. In spite of the well-established knowledge on the presence of sleep difficulties in DS individuals and the associated emotional and behavioral problems, less is known about the possible differences in the kind of associations between sleep and emotional/behavioral problems across different age ranges.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included 289 participants with DS aged 6–18 years with the aims to explore differences in the distribution of sleep problems between specific age groups (school age vs. adolescence) and to identify specific age-based associations between sleep problems and emotional/behavioral problems.ResultsSome differences in the distribution of sleep problems have emerged between age groups. Moreover, differences in the patterns of association between emotional/behavioral difficulties and sleep problems-in particular, sleep-related breathing difficulties and parasomnias-have been observed. However, sleep-wake transition disorders and excessive daily somnolence appear to be related to emotional and behavioral problems (both internalizing and externalizing), in general, across school age and adolescence.DiscussionThese results remark the importance of appropriate neuropsychiatric and psychological evaluation taking into account the age-specific needs and features of individuals with DS.

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Sleep disorders in Down syndrome: a systematic review

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Sleep assessment in adults with Down syndrome: correlation between functionality and polysomnographic findings

Sleep assessment in adults with Down syndrome: correlation between functionality and polysomnographic findings

Parental perception of facilitators and barriers to health among young children with down syndrome: a qualitative study

Sleep and behavioral problems in Down syndrome: differences between school age and adolescence

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