Fluctuating asymmetry and organosomatic indexes in fish: the Corocoro grunt as a case study (Haemulidae)

Seixas, Luana Barbosa; Santos, Luciano Neves dos

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120210520

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, regardless of the morphotype examined, higher meristic values tended to be found on the left than on the right side when asymmetry was detected (Table 5). Similar results with left dominant asymmetry have also been mentioned for other fish such as stickleback, four‐eyed fish, zebrafish and also in other taxa like Cephalochordates, Urochordates, and manatees (Bell et al, 1985; Boorman & Shimeld, 2002; Hamada, 2020; Lajus et al, 2019; Parenti, 1986; Reimchen & Bergstrom, 2009; Řežucha & Reichard, 2015; Seixas et al, 2021; Shapiro et al, 2006; Sinha & Tilak, 1968; Torres‐Dowdall et al, 2019, 2022; Yasui et al, 2000). These situations, where body structures on one side (left) are larger for meristic counts than counts on the other side (right), also called left‐right asymmetry, have been found to be related to genes such as Pitx1 (Shapiro et al, 2006) as well as the Nodal ‐ Pitx2 pathway (Hamada, 2020; Schreiber, 2013; Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…with left dominant asymmetry have also been mentioned for other fish such as stickleback, four-eyed fish, zebrafish and also in other taxa like Cephalochordates, Urochordates, and manatees (Bell et al, 1985;Boorman & Shimeld, 2002;Hamada, 2020;Lajus et al, 2019;Parenti, 1986;Reimchen & Bergstrom, 2009;Řežucha & Reichard, 2015;Seixas et al, 2021;Shapiro et al, 2006;Sinha & Tilak, 1968;Torres-Dowdall et al, 2019, 2022Yasui et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Morphological description of spontaneous pelvic fin loss in a neotropical cichlid fish

Ehemann,

Meyer,

Hulsey

2023

Journal of Morphology

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Pelvic fins are a characteristic structure of the vertebrate Bauplan. Yet, pelvic fin loss has occurred repeatedly across a wide diversity of other lineages of tetrapods and at least 48 times in teleost fishes. This pelvic finless condition is often associated with other morphological features such as body elongation, loss of additional structures, and bilateral asymmetry. However, despite the remarkable diversity in the several thousand cichlid fish species, none of them are characterized by the complete absence of pelvic fins. Here, we examined the musculoskeletal structure and associated bilateral asymmetry in Midas cichlids (Amphilophus cf. citrinellus) that lost their pelvic fins spontaneously in the laboratory. Due to this apparent mutational loss of the pelvic girdle and fins, the external and internal anatomy are described in a series of “normal” Midas individuals and their pelvic finless sibling tankmates. First, other traits associated with teleost pelvic fin loss, the genetic basis of pelvic fin loss, and the potential for pleiotropic effects of these genes on other traits in teleosts were all reviewed. Using these traits as a guide, we investigated whether other morphological differences were associated with the pelvic girdle/fin loss. The mean values of the masses of muscle of the pectoral fin, fin ray numbers in the unpaired fins, and oral jaw tooth numbers did not differ between the two pelvic fin morphotypes. However, significant differences in meristic values of the paired traits assessed were observed for the same side of the body between morphotypes. Notably, bilateral asymmetry was found exclusively for the posterior lateral line scales. Finally, we found limited evidence of pleiotropic effects, such as lateral line scale numbers and fluctuating asymmetry between the Midas pelvic fin morphotypes. The fast and relatively isolated changes in the Midas cichlids suggest minor but interesting pleiotropic effects could accompany loss of cichlid pelvic fins.

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