Purple grape juice consumption during the gestation reduces acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress levels provoked by high-fat diet in hippocampus from adult female rats descendants

Abstract

The enzyme acetylcholinesterase participates in the end of cholinergic transmission and it has been shown that its activity is increased in some diseases that affect the brain, including Alzheimer disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of purple grape juice consumption with or without high-fat diet in the gestational and lactation period on acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress parameters in the hippocampus of female descendants. During pregnancy and lactation, 40 female Wistar rats received a control diet or a high-fat diet, with half of them receiving grape juice. After lactation, the female descendants received water and control diet in ad libitum until euthanasia on the 120 postnatal day. Hippocampus from were removed for analysis of AChE activity, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. It was observed that high-fat diet consumption during the pregnancy increased the AChE activity and the grape juice reduced this activity in descendants. The same was observed in protein oxidation, the descendants from high-fat diet had signifi cantly highest values, and grape juice decreased the levels. We conclude that dietary choices during pregnancy can alter the acetylcholinesterase levels and grape juice is an important alternative to improve this function in adulthood.

Early-Life Environment Influence on Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

“…For instance, it has been reported that consumption of a high-fat diet during gestation and lactation in the Wistar rat decreases the global level of histone H4 acetylation in the hippocampus at P50, leading to transcriptional repression ( Gonçalves et al, 2017 ). Interestingly, a diet rich in grape juice has an opposite effect on the level of this epigenetic mark at PND21 and is associated with a beneficial effect on the brain with an antioxidant effect ( Gonçalves et al, 2017 ; Schaffer et al, 2019 ) which could limit deleterious consequences of mHFD by reducing oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase activity ( Proença et al, 2021 ). However, to our knowledge, the putative consequences of mHFD on epigenetic changes in MAPT and AβPP genes have never been reported.…”