Cardiac glycosides and COVID-19: would it be a promising therapeutic approach?

Siniorakis, Eftychios; Arvanitakis, Spyridon; Elkouris, Maximilianos

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020201080

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is noteworthy that cardiac glycosides have shown in vivo anti-inflammatory effects in both acute and chronic inflammation models via influence on Na + -K + -ATPase pump in previous studies [ 31 , 32 ]. The anti-inflammatory characteristic of cardiac glycosides is not only by addressing the Na + -K + -ATPase pump but also via other relevant systems such as leukocyte infiltration, fluid extravasation, T H 17 cell differentiation, immunoglobulin production, cytokine secretion, NFkB activation, cell proliferation, proinflammatory cytokines release, and nuclear receptor ROR γ t systems [ 31 , 32 ]. On the other hand, the flavonoids of wallflower could be responsible for anti-inflammatory activities via different pharmacological mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Quality Control of Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz

Mosleh

Azadi

Khademian

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Wallflower (Erysimum cheiri) is employed as a popular herbal drug in traditional Persian medicine. Topical formulations including cerates, lotions, sitz baths, and poultices for inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, anal fissure, endometriosis, and mastitis are known. However, there is no monograph in current pharmacopoeia for the wallflower drug. The present study is aimed to screen in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of wallflower and perform quality control and characterization tests for different organs of the herb. In this regard, albumin denaturation activity, macroscopic and microscopic, phytochemical, HPTLC, and FT-IR characteristics were investigated. Wallflower showed strong anti-inflammatory activity compared to diclofenac sodium. The root (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/mL) and flower (10 mg/mL) extract exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activities than that of other plant organs at the same concentrations. Moreover, total ash was found higher in aerial parts ( 21.52 ± 0.06 % ) than flower ( 11.01 ± 0.03 % ), root ( 5.03 ± 0.03 % ), and seed ( 6.95 ± 0.06 % ), while water-soluble ash was higher in seed ( 34.89 ± 0.26 % ) than flower ( 5.00 ± 0.03 % ), aerial parts ( 7.16 ± 0.06 % ), and root ( 5.04 ± 0.01 % ). Acid-insoluble ash and sulphated ash were higher in root ( 9.50 ± 0.04 % ) and aerial part ( 28.37 ± 0.57 % ), respectively. In addition, loss on drying was ranged from 2.20 ± 0.20 % in flowers to 6.00 ± 0.10 % in aerial parts. On the other hand, HPTLC analysis verified cardenolide compounds in all organs of the herb, and quercetin was detected in the flavonoid fingerprint of acid hydrolysed flowers. According to FT-IR results, the observed spectral region at ~3500 cm-1 attributed to -OH stretching vibration. Also, C–H (~2900-2950 cm-1), isothiocyanate (~2340 cm-1), -C=O (~1740 cm-1), conjugated C=C of the aromatic ring (~1650 cm-1), and structure of the aromatic group (~1200-1000 cm-1) were monitored. This work is the first study to the best of our knowledge, suggesting wallflower as a potential drug candidate with the basis for a monograph in addition to initial in vitro anti-inflammatory data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Quality Control of Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz

Mosleh

Azadi

Khademian

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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“…Well known cardiac glycosides inhibit NFkB which in turn decreases production of inflammatory cytokines [50]. These drugs also demonstrate anti-viral activity to SARS-CoV-2 by inhibiting membrane Na-K ATPase, used by RNA viruses for entering the cell, and by inhibiting translation, which makes them very attractive in COVID-19 patients with cardiac insufficiency [51][52][53].…”

Section: Blocking Tnf Signals Downstream Of Tnfrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blocking TNF signaling may save lives in COVID-19 infection

Ablamunits

Lepsy

2022

Mol Biol Rep

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Global vaccination effort and better understanding of treatment strategies provided a ray of hope for improvement in COVID-19 pandemic, however, in many countries, the disease continues to collect its death toll. The major pathogenic mechanism behind severe cases associated with high mortality is the burst of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-6, IFNγ and others, resulting in multiple organ failure. Although the exact contribution of each cytokine is not clear, we provide an evidence that the central mediator of cytokine storm and its devastating consequences may be TNF. This cytokine is known to be involved in activated blood clotting, lung damage, insulin resistance, heart failure, and other conditions. A number of currently available pharmaceutical agents such as monoclonal antibodies and soluble TNF receptors can effectively prevent TNF from binding to its receptor(s). Other drugs are known to block NFkB, the major signal transducer molecule used in TNF signaling, or to block kinases involved in downstream activation cascades. Some of these medicines have already been selected for clinical trials, but more work is needed. A simple, rapid, and inexpensive method of directly monitoring TNF levels may be a valuable tool for a timely selection of COVID-19 patients for anti-TNF therapy.

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Cardiac glycosides and COVID-19: would it be a promising therapeutic approach?

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Quality Control of Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz

Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Quality Control of Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz

Blocking TNF signaling may save lives in COVID-19 infection

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