The role of natural products in modern drug discovery.

Calixto, João Β.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201920190105

Cited by 269 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

150

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Medicinal plants are widely used in the treatment of several diseases, as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals [1]. Medicinal plants are popular because of their low financial cost and easy access to purchase without a prescription.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hazardous Level of Heavy Metals in Different Medicinal Plants and Their Decoctions in Water: A Public Health Problem in Brazil

Tschinkel¹,

Pereira

Silva

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

and Pb by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) was performed on dry matter and decoctions of the medicinal plants Cordia salicifolia, Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc., and Echites peltata used as an appetite suppressant and diuretic in Brazil. e accuracy of the measurements was analyzed by the spike recovery test. Results showed that the concentration of these seven metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Na, and Zn) in dry plant samples is below the oral concentration of elemental impurities established by the United States Pharmacopoeia Convention (USP). However, there are no concentration limits for Fe, Na, and Zn established by the USP in drug substances and excipients. Levels higher than the recommended value by the USP were observed for Pb and the lowest for Cd, Co, Cr, and Cu, both in dried plant samples and their decoctions. In the decoctions prepared from these plants were found elements such as Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Na, Zn, and Pb. In the decoction prepared from 40 g C. salicifolia leaves and 40 g C. alba wood, the content of Cd is above the oral daily exposure value set by the USP. Hazard index (HI) for decoctions prepared from these plants exceeded the threshold (1). Given the uncertainties associated with the estimates of toxicity values and exposure factors, futures researches should address the possible toxicity in humans. Uncontrolled selling and long-term ingestion of medicinal plants can cause toxicity and interfere with the effect of drugs. Limited knowledge on the interaction potential of medicinal plants poses a challenge and public health problem in Brazil and other countries.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hazardous Level of Heavy Metals in Different Medicinal Plants and Their Decoctions in Water: A Public Health Problem in Brazil

Tschinkel¹,

Pereira

Silva

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Berkaitan dengan perkembangan industry farmasi telah meningkatkan pemanfaatan tumbuhan yang mengandung obat-obatan untuk diisolasi senyawa aktifnya (Ahmed et al 2014). Saat ini, sekitar 25% dari obat sintesis yang komersilkan adalah berasal dari tumbuhan obat (Coxti, 2019). Menurut Raja et al (2011) tercatat 1600 jenis obat modern yang beredar di pasaran berasal dari tumbuhan obat.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN ULIN (EUSIDEROXYLON ZWAGERI TEIJSM & BINN) TERHADAP EMPAT JENIS BAKTERI PATOGEN

Mariani

Yusro

Wardenaar

2020

JBT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstrak: Suku Dayak Uud Danum di Kalimantan Barat memanfaatkan daun Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn) sebagai tumbuhan obat dalam pengobatan tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit seperti diare, demam dan penguat badan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis aktivitas ekstrak metanol dari daun ulin terhadap beberapa jenis bakteri patogen. Daun ulin diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metanol, kemudian diuji dengan metode difusi terhadap empat jenis bakteri yaitu Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi pada empat level konsentrasi (1, 5, 10 dan 15 mg/ml) dan E. coli (50, 100, 150 dan 200 mg/ml). Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa semua level konsentrasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak metanol daun ulin semakin tinggi diameter hambat yang dihasilkan. Diameter hambat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh konsentrasi 15 mg/ml pada jenis bakteri S. typhi (12,33 mm) dan E. coli pada konsentrasi 200 mg/ml (22,67 mm). Hasil pengujian membuktikan bahwa daun ulin yang secara tradisional digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri alami.Kata kunci: Ulin, antibakteri, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, dan Escherichia coli.Abstract: Dayak Uud Danum of West Kalimantan traditionally use ulin leaves (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teisjm & Binn) to cure various diseases namely diarrhea, fever, and tonic. This present study aims to evaluate the activity of methanol extract of ulin leaves against several types of pathogenic bacteria. Ulin leaves were extracted with methanol; thus, the extract resulted tested in terms of disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer against four types of bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi (1, 5, 10, and 15 mg/ml), and Escherichia coli (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/ml). The results showed that all levels of concentration significantly affect the inhibition growth of pathogenic bacteria. The higher the concentration of methanol extract of ulin leaves used, the higher the inhibition zone produced. The highest response inhibition growth showed from the highest level of 15 mg/ml on S. tyhpi (12.33 mm), and E. coli was 200 mg/ml (22.67 mm). It suggested that the leaves of ulin which traditionally used as medicinal plant have the potency as natural antibacterial agents.Keywords: Ulin, antibacterial, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli.

show abstract

“…CBD-Vertragsstaatenkonferenz in Bonn (2008) festgehalten und der Schutz der biologischen Vielfalt als weiteres Kriterium in das CBD-Abkommen aufgenommen [12], [24], [31]. [4]. Damit haben diese Stoffe eine große Bedeutung für die Entwicklung und Anwendung neuer Arzneimittel [4], [31].…”

Section: Geschichteunclassified

“…[4]. Damit haben diese Stoffe eine große Bedeutung für die Entwicklung und Anwendung neuer Arzneimittel [4], [31]. Wie groß das Potenzial genetischer Ressourcen allein für Arzneimittel der im deutschen Arzneimittelrecht definierten "Besonderen…”

Section: Geschichteunclassified

Das Nagoya-Protokoll

Stern

2020

Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ZusammenfassungDas Nagoya-Protokoll ist ein bindender, transnationaler Vertrag, der unter der Berücksichtigung des Schutzes der Biodiversität einen gerechten Vorteilsausgleich für die Nutzung genetischer Ressourcen, wie z. B. Pflanzen zur Arzneimittel-herstellung sicherstellen soll. Aufgrund der enormen Vielfalt nehmen Pflanzen eine signifikante Rolle für die Erforschung neuer pharmazeutischer Wirkstoffe ein. Vor diesem Hintergrund sowie der Vielschichtigkeit des Nagoya-Protokolls ist die nähere Betrachtung der rechtlichen Vorgaben sowohl für Hersteller als auch für nicht-kommerzielle Forschungseinrichtungen von großer Bedeutung.

show abstract

The role of natural products in modern drug discovery.

Abstract: How to cite: CAlIXTO JB. 2019. The role of natural products in modern drug discovery. An Acad Bras Cienc 91: e20190105.

Cited by 269 publications

References 13 publications

The Hazardous Level of Heavy Metals in Different Medicinal Plants and Their Decoctions in Water: A Public Health Problem in Brazil

The Hazardous Level of Heavy Metals in Different Medicinal Plants and Their Decoctions in Water: A Public Health Problem in Brazil

AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN ULIN (EUSIDEROXYLON ZWAGERI TEIJSM & BINN) TERHADAP EMPAT JENIS BAKTERI PATOGEN

Das Nagoya-Protokoll

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About