Correlations of condition factor and gonadosomatic, hepatosomatic and lipo-somatic relations of Leptodactylus macrosternum (ANURA: Leptodactylidae) in the Brazilian Semi-arid

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess variations of the condition factor (K1) in relation to the gonadosomatic-RGS and energy reserves (hepatosomatic-RWL and liposomatic-RFB relations) of Leptodactylus macrosternum and their relationship to climate variation in the Northeast of Brazil, Caatinga area, state of Paraiba. The animals were captured fortnightly through active collecting, between January and December 2013. Significant differences were observed in the monthly variations of K1, RGS and RFB indices in male and female L. macrosternum over the months of collection. In males, K1 showed no significant relationship with the other variables. In females, RGS values only show notable correlations with RWF and K1 values. K1 values showed significant correlations with all other weight and length ratios. Climate change in the HFOB region showed significant relationships with the variation of the indexes evaluated, with the exception of RWF. The variation of K1, RGS, RWL and RFB values over the months of collection as well as their relation with the local climatic variation, showed a brief reproductive activity for the species.

Liver description in three neotropical anuran species: from anatomy to ultrastructure

“…Two other observed characteristics were the presence of desmosomes at the edge between two hepatocytes and a single canaliculus delimiting up to four hepatocytes (Figure 7d). Ribeiro, 1926), the HSI is around 2% and it was showed to not vary throughout the reproductive period of this species (Chaves et al, 2017).…”

“…A precious study showed HSI in Physalaemus nattereri (Steindachner, 1863) (former nomenclature: Eupemphix nattereri Steindachner, 1863) of 1.37% (Franco‐Belussi et al., 2012), which is a quite similar value to those found in this study. For Leptodactylus macrosternun (Miranda‐Ribeiro, 1926), the HSI is around 2% and it was showed to not vary throughout the reproductive period of this species (Chaves et al., 2017).…”

Comparative liver morphology associated with the hepatosomatic index in five Neotropical anuran species

“…Elachistocleis matogrosso has the highest HSI. HSI reflects functional and structural patterns in the liver, typically consisting of parenchymatous and stromal components that promptly mediate metabolic status during the breeding season (Chaves et al, 2017; Franco‐Belussi et al, 2012). Conversely, although HSI did not differ between males and females in Leptodactylus macrosternum , different intrinsic histomorphometric patterns have been previously reported (Chaves et al, 2017), suggesting a distinct adaptative morphological process.…”

“…Males and females of anuran species have different ways of investing energy in reproductive events, such as behavior and gametogenesis. As such, energy reserves are distinctly stored in adipose bodies and in the liver (Chaves et al, 2017; Martins, 2001; Pombal Jr & Haddad, 2005; Rodrigues, Lopes, & Uetanabaro, 2003). The dynamics of energy storage and utilization reflect biological cycles that vary according to environmental conditions and result in alterations to the hepatosomatic index (HSI) (Chaves et al, 2017).…”

“…As such, energy reserves are distinctly stored in adipose bodies and in the liver (Chaves et al, 2017; Martins, 2001; Pombal Jr & Haddad, 2005; Rodrigues, Lopes, & Uetanabaro, 2003). The dynamics of energy storage and utilization reflect biological cycles that vary according to environmental conditions and result in alterations to the hepatosomatic index (HSI) (Chaves et al, 2017). Variations in this index represent changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolization, which constitute a process that is closely associated with several endogenous and exogenous factors, such as temperature, xenobiotics, and parasitic infections (Bruslé & Anadon, 1996).…”