Pathogenic Vibrio species isolated from estuarine environments (Ceará, Brazil) - antimicrobial resistance and virulence potential profiles

Abstract

Detection of virulent strains associated with aquatic environment is a current concern for the management and control of human and animal health. Thus, Vibrio diversity was investigated in four estuaries from state of Ceará (Pacoti, Choró, Pirangi and Jaguaribe) followed by antimicrobial susceptibility to different antimicrobials used in aquaculture and detection of main virulence factors to human health. Isolation and identification were performed on TCBS agar (selective medium) and dichotomous key based on biochemical characteristics, respectively. Nineteen strains of genus Vibrio were catalogued. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Choró River) and V. alginolyticus (Pacoti River) were the most abundant species in the four estuaries. All strains were submitted to disk diffusion technique (15 antimicrobials were tested). Resistance was found to: penicillin (82%), ampicillin (54%), cephalotin (7%), aztreonan (1%), gentamicin, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone (0.5%). Five pathogenic strains were chosen to verification of virulence factors. Four estuaries showed a high abundance of species. High number of tested positive strains for virulence is concerning, since some of those strains are associated to human diseases, while others are known pathogens of aquatic organisms.

Molecular Detection and Distribution of Six Medically Important Vibrio spp. in Selected Freshwater and Brackish Water Resources in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

“…were more diverse in brackish water sample than in freshwater sample. These findings corroborate some earlier reports and suggest that salt concentration modulates the diversity of vibrios in water resources ( Elhadi, 2013 ; Mookerjee et al, 2015 ; de Menezes et al, 2017 ; Fu et al, 2019 ). The result ( Figure 7 ; Supplementary Table SS1A ) of the present study showed that the possibility of contracting infections, such as cholera and cholera-like infections, caused by the non-halophilic vibrios is higher at the freshwater sampling sites most especially sites PA4, PA5, PA6, and ALD1 where most of the halophilic vibrios were recovered than at the brackish water sampling sites.…”

Anti‐ Vibrio activity of Pseudoalteromonas xiamenensis STKMTI.2, a new potential vibriosis biocontrol bacterium in marine aquaculture

“…[WHO], 2000). Vibrio alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus are resistant to penicillin and ampicillin (Menezes et al, 2017). Baticados et al (1990) have stated that some V. harveyi and V. splendidus are resistant to streptomycin, erythromycin, kanamycin and penicillin.…”

Genotypic Diversity and Pathogenic Potential of Clinical and Environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates From Brazil

“…The first cases of V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis in Brazil occurred in 1975 and were caused by strain Cascavel, serotyped as O5:K17 (Hofer, 1983), which we had the opportunity to analyze in this study. Since 1975, there have been many reports on V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis outbreaks (Magalhães et al, 1991;Leal et al, 2008) and on the isolation of the bacterium from environmental sources in the country (Rojas et al, 2011;Ramos et al, 2012;Menezes et al, 2017). However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the pathogenic potential and genotype of these strains.…”

“…Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium, ubiquitous in estuarine and coastal waters, where it can be found free or in association with marine organisms, such as fish, shellfish, and zooplanktons (Baffone et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2013;Odeyemi, 2016;Lovell, 2017;Menezes et al, 2017;Narayanan et al, 2020;Parveen et al, 2020).…”

“…The agent was isolated, serotyped as O5:K17 and denominated Cascavel (Hofer, 1983), and was one of the clinical strains analyzed in this work. In the following years, several V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks of gastroenteritis have been reported in the country (Magalhães et al, 1991;Leal et al, 2008), as well as cases of isolation of the bacterium from bivalve mollusks for human consumption and seawater from oyster farming areas (Rojas et al, 2011;Sobrinho et al, 2011;Ramos et al, 2012;Menezes et al, 2017).…”