Synergistic activity of doped zinc oxide nanoparticles with antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, fluconazole and amphotericin B against pathogenic microorganisms

Abstract

Combination therapy of antibiotics and nanoparticles can be used against multi drug resistant microorganisms. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to show antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activities of doped ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were studied against fungi, gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria using the standard microdilution method. The interaction between the nanoparticle and the antibiotic was estimated by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC index) of the combination through checkerboard assay. Experimental results demonstrated that 10% doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) exhibited the maximum antimicrobial effect in contrast with that of the 1% loading and pure ZnO nanoparticles. The enhancement in antimicrobial effect was seen when combined with antibiotic. Synergistic and additive effects were found. No antagonistic effect was found. More synergistic effect was observed when combined with ciprofloxacin than ampicillin. Fungus showed only additive effect. The results are quite in terms with MIC clearly depicting that high doping agent is most suitable for combined therapy. 100% synergistic interaction was observed in higher doping with both ciprofloxacin and ampicillin. This study provides a preliminary report of the synergistic activity of nanoparticles with antibiotics against different pathogenic strains. This provides groundwork for further studies on the combination therapy of nanoparticles with antibiotics.

Bio fabrication of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic abilities using lichens

“…Such enhancement of antibiotic activity could be related to the fact that, AgNPs facilitate good transfer to the antibiotic and bind it to the interaction site with the microbe 86 . Same trend of observation was also recorded in various studies 87 .…”

<p>Relationship Between Structure And Antimicrobial Activity Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: An Overview</p>

“…For example, the particles synthesised by Arakha et al1 with a size of 39 nm and the ZnO NPs produced by Lallo da Silva et al (38.25 nm) both had an MIC value of 0.1041 mg/mL. It was also possible to correlate the antibacterial activity of the ZnO NPs synthesised by Lallo da Silva et al43 with the data presented by Sharma et al61 The ZnO NPs synthesised by Sharma et al61 had a size of 20 nm, while the ZnO NPs produced by Lallo da Silva et al had a size of 21 nm. The MIC value obtained for S. aureus in both cases was 0.31 mg/mL.…”

“…The presence of dopant ions in ZnO NPs has been used in some studies to assess their relationships with the antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs 61,78. The presence of these dopant ions can change the size of ZnO NPs 79.…”

“…Sharma et al61 studied the antimicrobial activities of doped ZnO NPs against fungi, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using standard isolates (S) and clinical isolates (C), by the microdilution method. The researchers used pure doped ZnO NPs with 1% and 10% Fe, Mn, Cu and Co and correlated the synergistic effect of NPs with antimicrobial agents such as ciprofloxacin (Cip), ampicillin (Amp), fluconazole (Flu) and amphotericin B (Amp B).…”

Potential Therapeutical Compounds and Scientific Performance of Brazilian Researchers

“…The authors demonstrated that carobe oral administration was protective in an experimental murine model of gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin administration, and it was attributed to an increase of adhered gastric mucus. A paper by Sharma et al (2016) demonstrated that dope zinc oxide nanoparticles per se showed antimicrobial effect against different pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. When combined with ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, two antibiotics that act against multi drug resistant microorganisms, the effect of these nanoparticles was synergic, which, as suggested by the authors, it may be beneficial against microorganism resistance.…”