Competition between rice (Oryza sativa L.) and (barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.) as affected by methanol foliar application

Abstract

Pot experiment was conducted in Iran, to evaluate the effect of methanol on competition between rice (Oryza sativa) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with a factorial treatment arrangement and three replicates. Factors were two aqueous methanol foliar applications (0, and 14% v/v) and five rice: barnyardgrass ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:6, and 0:100). Replacement series diagrams for aboveground dry weight illustrated that 'Shiroudi' was more competitive than barnyardgrass as averaged across methanol foliar applications. When methanol was not sprayed, the lines for 'Shiroudi' and barnyardgrass intersected at 75:25 rice: barnyardgrass ratio, but when methanol was sprayed at 14% v/v, the lines for 'Shiroudi' and barnyardgrass intersect at the left of the 75:25 rice: barnyardgrass mixture proportion. These indicate that methanol application reduced competitive ability of 'Shiroudi' against barnyardgrass for aboveground biomass accumulation. At the same time, Methanol foliar application significantly reduced the relative crowding coefficient of 'Shiroudi' while simultaneously it significantly increased the relative crowding coefficient of barnyard grass. This indicates that methanol foliar application reduced the competitive ability of 'Shiroudi' against barnyardgrass for shoot biomass accumulation. This experiment illustrated that foliar spray of aqueous methanol can not be recommended for rice under weedy conditions.

Transcriptomic profiling reveals candidate allelopathic genes in rice responsible for interactions with barnyardgrass

“…Rice yield is decreased by weeds that compete with crops for nutrients, moisture, and light. Various factors further mediate yields, such as crop cultivars, weed variety, and the relative density of the crop and weeds (Rezaeieh et al, 2015). Damage caused by weeds is greater than that caused by pests (Oerke, 2006).…”

Relative competition between white clover and weed species Silene gallica

“…But the variation recorded for white clover in the second year showed that the culture was affected by the competitor. This outcome makes it clear that white clover is less competitive than S. gallica, because SDM yield reduction is often observed in less competitive plants (Aminpanah and Javadi 2011;Rezaeieh et al 2015).…”

Performance reaction and biochemical properties of black cumin under the influence of different regimes of nitrogen, menthol and drought stress

“…Under drought stress conditions, application of 14 and 21% methanol significantly increased grain yield in soybean (Mirakhori et al, 2009). Higher grain yield was also observed using methanol application in rice (Rezaeieh et al, 2015), soybean (Mirakhori et al, 2009), pea (Hossinzadeh et al, 2014), and peanut (Babaei et al, 2014). Increased grain yield with the consumption of 80 kg N/ha has been reported in black seed (Tulukcu, 2016).…”