Irrelevant sound interference on phonological and tonal working memory in musicians and nonmusicians

Defilippi, Ana Clara Naufel; Garcia, Ricardo Basso; Galera, Cesar

doi:10.1186/s41155-018-0114-z

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, to reject the assumption of content-based interference might have been premature, given the evidence that supports a role of similarity in the disruption of serial recall performance by irrelevant sounds. Specifically, it has been shown that speech or speech-like sounds are more disruptive to verbal serial recall than non-speech sounds (Schlittmeier et al, 2012), even with acoustic complexity controlled (Dorsi et al, 2018;Viswanathan et al, 2014), that the magnitude of the ISE depends on the overlap of phonetic features (though not of the phonemes) in the irrelevant speech tokens and the list items (Eagan & Chein, 2012), and that speech interferes more with the serial order retention of verbal when compared to tonal items, whereas irrelevant tones interfere more with the retention of tonal when compared to verbal sequences (Defilippi et al, 2019;Kattner & Meinhardt, 2020;Williamson et al, 2010). These findings suggest an important role of between-stream-similarity in the disruptive effects or irrelevant sounds, and thus contentbased interference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrelevant speech impairs serial recall of verbal but not spatial items in children and adults

et al. 2022

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Immediate serial recall of visually presented items is reliably impaired by task-irrelevant speech that the participants are instructed to ignore (“irrelevant speech effect,” ISE). The ISE is stronger with changing speech tokens (words or syllables) when compared to repetitions of single tokens (“changing-state effect,” CSE). These phenomena have been attributed to sound-induced diversions of attention away from the focal task (attention capture account), or to specific interference of obligatory, involuntary sound processing with either the integrity of phonological traces in a phonological short-term store (phonological loop account), or the efficiency of a domain-general rehearsal process employed for serial order retention (changing-state account). Aiming to further explore the role of attention, phonological coding, and serial order retention in the ISE, we analyzed the effects of steady-state and changing-state speech on serial order reconstruction of visually presented verbal and spatial items in children (n = 81) and adults (n = 80). In the verbal task, both age groups performed worse with changing-state speech (sequences of different syllables) when compared with steady-state speech (one syllable repeated) and silence. Children were more impaired than adults by both speech sounds. In the spatial task, no disruptive effect of irrelevant speech was found in either group. These results indicate that irrelevant speech evokes similarity-based interference, and thus pose difficulties for the attention-capture and the changing-state account of the ISE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrelevant speech impairs serial recall of verbal but not spatial items in children and adults

et al. 2022

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“…Additionally, studying music incorporates both auditory training and multimodal training, as a result of the reading and translation of musical symbols into the physical movements of playing an instrument. This exposure to FMT can have an impact on parts of musicians working memory and changes within the auditory system that can prime musicians for increased challenges in realms beyond music (Defilippi et al, 2019; George & Coch, 2011; Schlaug et al, 2005; Schulze & Koelsch, 2012). This helps explain the results because participants with FMT that develop these skills may be more intentional about their response when they are not sure that they have the correct answer, suggestive of improved meta-cognition (Flavell, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of formal musical training on speech intelligibility performance: Implications for music pedagogy in high-consequence industries

Bruder

Rothwell²,

Baillargeon

et al. 2023

Psychology of Music

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In high-risk industries, responding accurately and promptly to spoken commands is crucial to ensure safety and productivity. When simultaneous sounds occur, it increases the difficulty of responding efficiently and accurately. This study examined responses to spoken commands in an audio-visual multitasking paradigm that simulated a high-consequence working environment. Participants had varying levels of formal music training (FMT): no FMT, 1–3, 3–5, and 5+ years of FMT. We found that FMT groups were similar in accuracy overall and background music decreased accuracy for all groups. The degree of FMT significantly impacted non-response. Additionally, there was an interaction where the no FMT group responded 1.5-fold less frequently in the presence of background music; however, participants with 5+ years of FMT had no decrease. Considering the similar accuracy with less frequent responding, the 5+ years FMT group appears well calibrated to when they were unsure of the answer, suggestive of improved meta-cognition which could be valuable in high-risk industry settings. Future research can examine performance within different types or quality of musical training, and pedagogical approaches can be compared.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other studies have proposed separate memory systems for pitch and verbal material [ 22 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. Evidence for this has been demonstrated in healthy participants, who are impaired at recognizing and maintaining tones in STM when there is interference of irrelevant tones, but not words [ 58 , 60 ]. Studies in congenital amusia also propose that STM for pitch and verbal STM are dissociable [ 22 , 34 ], based on findings of spared verbal STM, with impaired pitch memory [ 1 , 23 , 61 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitch and Rhythm Perception and Verbal Short-Term Memory in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2021

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Music perception deficits are common following acquired brain injury due to stroke, epilepsy surgeries, and aneurysmal clipping. Few studies have examined these deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in an under-diagnosis in this population. We aimed to (1) compare TBI patients to controls on pitch and rhythm perception during the acute phase; (2) determine whether pitch and rhythm perception disorders co-occur; (3) examine lateralization of injury in the context of pitch and rhythm perception; and (4) determine the relationship between verbal short-term memory (STM) and pitch and rhythm perception. Music perception was examined using the Scale and Rhythm tests of the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia, in association with CT scans to identify lesion laterality. Verbal short-term memory was examined using Digit Span Forward. TBI patients had greater impairment than controls, with 43% demonstrating deficits in pitch perception, and 40% in rhythm perception. Deficits were greater with right hemisphere damage than left. Pitch and rhythm deficits co-occurred 31% of the time, suggesting partly dissociable networks. There was a dissociation between performance on verbal STM and pitch and rhythm perception 39 to 42% of the time (respectively), with most individuals (92%) demonstrating intact verbal STM, with impaired pitch or rhythm perception. The clinical implications of music perception deficits following TBI are discussed.

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Irrelevant sound interference on phonological and tonal working memory in musicians and nonmusicians

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Irrelevant speech impairs serial recall of verbal but not spatial items in children and adults

Irrelevant speech impairs serial recall of verbal but not spatial items in children and adults

The impact of formal musical training on speech intelligibility performance: Implications for music pedagogy in high-consequence industries

Pitch and Rhythm Perception and Verbal Short-Term Memory in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

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