Self-care practice among adult hypertensive patients at ambulatory clinic of tertiary teaching Hospital in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Globally, hypertension is a major public health problem and a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease complications. To reduce and prevent complications from hypertension, it is important to adapt self-care behaviors. This study aimed to assess the self-care practices of adult hypertensive patients at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia. Methods A health facility-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma Medical Center in Ethiopia between February 2021 and July 2021. Binary and logistic regression was performed to assess the strength of associations between independent and dependent variables. Data entry and analysis were done using Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) software version 22.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Results From a total of 422 respondents included to the study, male accounted 55.7% and the mean ± SD age of the respondents was 58.7 ± 9.75 years. About 53.1% of patients had poor self-care practices toward hypertension. Not attending formal education [AOR = 2.15; 95% CI (1.74, 6.39); p ≤ 0.001], uncontrolled blood pressure [AOR = 2.14 95% CI (1.27, 3.61); p = 0.003], chronic disease co-morbidity [AOR = 1.48; 95% CI (0.25, 7.73); p ≤ 0.001], unfavorable attitude toward hypertension[AOR = 3.13; 95% CI (1.95, 7.52); p ≤ 0.001], and poor social support [AOR = 2.75; 95% CI (1.45, 6.43); p ≤ 0.001] were independent predictors of poor self-care practice. Conclusion The level of self-care practices for hypertension in the study area was low. In particular, the level of adherence to the DASH diet, exercise, and weight control was very low. Patient-specific targeted interventions are required to improve self-care practices for hypertension.

Level of self-care practices and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

“…A study from southwest of Ethiopia reported a level of self-care practice by hypertensive patient of 46.9%. Thus, which is consistent with the current finding [ 30 ]. Moreover, a study from Nepal reported a comparable proportion (52.2%) of hypertensive patients having a consistent level of self-care practice [ 31 ].…”

Factors associated with self-care behaviours among people with hypertension residing in Kathmandu: a cross-sectional study

“…Despite the robust evidence of self-care behaviours in controlling high BP, adherence to self-care behaviours is generally poor 15–20. Only 38% of treated patients with hypertension in Nepal have their BP under control, underscoring the need for effective strategies to improve the hypertension care cascade 5.…”

Determinants of Uncontrolled Blood Pressure Among Adult Hypertensive Patients on Follow Up at Negelle and Adola General Hospital, Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Facility Based Case Control Study

“…H-SCALE has six domains which contain medication adherence (3 items), low-salt diet (12 items), physical activity (2 items), smoking (1 item), weight management (10 items), and alcohol (1 item). All self-care domains had acceptable reliability in previous studies in Ethiopia (7,15,54). The Cronbach's alpha of medication adherence, low salt, physical activity adherence, weight management, and alcohol use were 0.94, 0.74, 0.81, 0.93, and 0.92, respectively (22).…”