Antibacterial potential of a basic phospholipase A2 (VRV-PL-VIIIa) from Daboia russelii pulchella (Russell’s viper) venom

Abstract

BackgroundMicrobial/bacterial resistance against antibiotics poses a serious threat to public health. Furthermore, the side effects of these antibiotics have stimulated tremendous interest in developing new molecules from diverse organisms as therapeutic agents. This study evaluates the antibacterial potential of a basic protein, Vipera russellii venom phospholipase A2 fraction VIIIa (VRV-PL-VIIIa), from Daboia russelii pulchella venom against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.MethodsThe antibacterial potential of VRV-PL-VIIIa in the presence and absence of an inhibitor (p-bromophenacyl bromide) was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by microdilution tests.ResultsVRV-PL-VIIIa demonstrated potent antibacterial activities against all the human pathogenic strains tested. It more effectively inhibited such gram-positive bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, when compared to the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella paratyphi. It inhibited bacterial growth at minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 11.1 to 19.2 μg/mL. The anti-bacterial potential of VRV-PL-VIIIa was comparable to the standards gentamycin, chlorophenicol and streptomycin. The PLA2’s hemolytic and antibacterial activities were strongly correlated. Furthermore, even in the presence of p-bromophenacyl bromide, intense antibacterial activity was observed, suggesting a dissociation or partial overlapping of the bactericidal/antimicrobial domains.ConclusionVRV-PL-VIIIa demonstrated potent antibacterial activities against all the human pathogenic strains tested. The study shows that despite a strong correlation between enzymatic and antimicrobial activities of VRV-PL-VIIIa, it may possess additional properties that mimic the bactericidal/membrane permeability-increasing protein. This study encourages further in-depth studies on the molecular mechanisms of antibacterial properties of VRV-PL-VIIIa, which would thereby facilitate development of this protein into a possible therapeutic lead molecule for treating bacterial infections.

Antibiofilm Activity of Acidic Phospholipase Isoform Isolated from Bothrops erythromelas Snake Venom

“…The PLA 2 Lys 49 from Lachesis muta venom, also belonging to the Viperidae family, showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 at 0.9 µM. Similarly, studies of a basic PLA 2 isolated from Daboia russelii (Viperidae), showed better antimicrobial effects for Gram-positive bacteria in comparison with that for Gram-negative bacteria [48,49]. These data corroborate our findings.…”

“…This is a basic characteristic of this type of PLA 2 , determining a PLA 2 Lys 49 . Likewise, the enzymatic activity of a PLA 2 from Bothrops neuwiedi urutu, which contains Lys 49 , was absent when the synthetic substrate 4N 3 OBA was used [37,41]. Similarly, studies using the substrate 4N 3 OBA compared the catalytic activity of a PLA 2 (Bmaj-9) isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops marajoensis with the crude venom of the same snake.…”

Atividade antimicrobiana da peçonha de Lachesis muta rhombeata

“…Studies related to molecules completely isolated from Viperidae venoms revealed different enzymatic classes with antibacterial properties, such as phospholipases A2, metalloproteases and LAAOs (DE LIMA et al, 2005;WEI et al, 2006;XU et al, 2007;OKUBO et al, 2012;SAMY et al, 2012;SUDHARSHAN;DHANANJAYA, 2015).…”

Deep sequencing analysis of toad Rhinella schneideri skin glands and partial biochemical characterization of its cutaneous secretion

“…These molecules are also found in dromedary tears and showed activity against both gram positive and negative bacteria [ 60 ]. Thus, a PLA 2 isolated from Daboia Russelli venom was able to strongly inhibit gram negative bacteria and also showed activity against gram positive bacteria isolated from human [ 61 ] . Therefore, we also assume the protective action in toad skin.…”