High-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated factors in the anal canal of HIV-positive patients in Medellín, 2017–2018

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) anal infection and associated factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients in Medellín. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 300 HIV-positive patients, adults, with history of anal intercourse, treated in two health care services of Medellín 2017–2018. We conducted a structured survey on sociodemographics, sexual behavior and medical history. HPV was detected in anal swabs tested by the COBAS 4800 system. Exploratory data analysis of risk factors associated with HR-HPV was conducted by chi-square test of independence and both raw and adjusted prevalence ratios used the Poisson regression model, at a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The high-risk HPV had a prevalence of 82.7%; HPV16 had a prevalence of 32.7%, HPV18 a prevalence of 21.7% and other HPV types scored 78.3%. The high-risk HPV prevalence in women was of 68.2% and 83.8% in men. The risk factors associated with high-risk HPV after adjustment were age under 30 years, elementary education, casual sex partners, and first sexual activity before 18 years old. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of high-risk HPV, along with the occurrence of coinfections by multiple types in the study population shows their susceptibility to develop some type of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia. It is important to establish sexual health programs focused on primary health care.

Epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 29 900 men according to HIV status, sexuality, and age: a collaborative pooled analysis of 64 studies

“…Lowe et al (2012) 11 Medina-Laabes et al (2018) 12 Machalek et al (2016) 13 Hernandez et al (2013) 14 Gaisa et al (2021) 15 de Pokomandy et al (2009) 16 Clarke et al (2018) 17 Wilkin et al (2018) 18 Viciana et al (2019) 19 Phanuphak et al (2013) 20 Combes et al (2018) 21 Sambursky et al (2018) 22 Fuchs et al (2016) 23 Burgos et al (2015) 24 Posada et al (2020) 25 Nowak et al (2020) 26…”

“…Although a significant decrease in prevalence was subsequently observed at older ages, it remained higher in HIV-positive MSM than in all other risk groups. Additional evidence for the role of HIV-related immunosuppression on HPV prevalence in MSM from this Medina-Laabes et al (2018) 12 Machalek et al (2016) 13 Hernandez et al (2013) 14 Gaisa et al (2021) 15 de Pokomandy et al ( 2009) 16 Clarke et al (2018) 17 Wilkin et al (2018) 18 Viciana et al (2019) 19 Phanuphak et al (2013) 20 Combes et al (2018) 21 Sambursky et al (2018) 22 Fuchs et al (2016) 23 Burgos et al (2015) 24 Posada et al (2020) 25 Nowak et al (2020) 26…”

Prevalencia y características genotípicas de la infección anal por papilomavirus en una cohorte de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres VIH-positivos

“…Desde un punto de vista comparativo con los estudios más grandes procedentes de países de América Latina, Asia, Europa y África, la prevalencia de la infección anal con genotipos de papilomavirus de alto riesgo en el presente estudio, incluida la prevalencia del VPH-16, se ubica en una situación intermedia. Sin embargo, la prevalencia del VPH-18 en el presente estudio ha sido la más baja (Tabla 4) (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) . Estos resultados son alentadores, y podrían ser expresión de una menor intensidad en la exposición al VPH en el contexto de un recuento intermedio o alto de linfocitos T-CD4 + con una supresión sostenida del VIH por el TARGA.…”