Depression and unemployment incidence rate evolution in Portugal, 1995–2013: General Practitioner Sentinel Network data

Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Sousa-Uva, Mafalda; Fonseca, R Calvo; Marques, Sara; Pina, Nuno; Dias, Carlos Matias

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051006675

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Our results on the impact of chronic conditions seem to point in an opposite direction: in fact, while in the simple model almost all the chronic conditions were risk factors for unemployment, only depression was retained in the full multiple model, together with the presence of physical disability as an outcome from injuries. The finding about depression as factor related to unemployment is in line with recent literature showing that the relationship between unemployment and depression is significant among adults [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]. This factor may act as a risk factor for unemployment but also as a consequence of unemployment and has been show that this population may benefit from employment and mental health focused interventions [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Factors Related to Unemployment in Europe. A Cross-Sectional Study from the COURAGE Survey in Finland, Poland and Spain

Leonardi¹,

Guido²,

Quintas³

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Background: Research addressing the impact of a large number of factors on unemployment is scarce. We aimed to comprehensively identify factors related to unemployment in a sample of persons aged 18–64 from Finland, Poland and Spain. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, factors from different areas were considered: socio-demographic indicators, health habits, chronic conditions, health state markers, vision and hearing indicators, and social networks and built environment scores. Results: Complete data were available for 5003 participants, mean age 48.1 (SD 11.5), 45.4% males. The most important factors connected to unemployment were health status indicators such as physical disability (OR = 2.944), self-rated health (OR = 2.629), inpatient care (OR = 1.980), and difficulties with getting to the toilet (OR = 2.040), while the most relevant factor related to employment were moderate alcohol consumption (OR = 0.732 for non-heavy drinkers; OR = 0.573 for infrequent heavy drinkers), and being married (OR = 0.734), or having been married (OR = 0.584). Other factors that played a significant role included presence of depression (OR = 1.384) and difficulties with near vision (OR = 1.584) and conversation hearing (OR = 1.597). Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of selected factors related to unemployment, and suggest public health indications that could support concrete actions on modifiable factors, such as those aimed to promote physical activity and healthy behaviors, tackling depression or promoting education, in particular for the younger.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Factors Related to Unemployment in Europe. A Cross-Sectional Study from the COURAGE Survey in Finland, Poland and Spain

Leonardi¹,

Guido²,

Quintas³

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Os resultados do presente estudo corroboram a existência de uma correlação positiva entre desemprego e depressão na população portuguesa, observada pelo nosso grupo de investigação até 2013. 9 Este trabalho de monitorização pretendia verificar se a correlação observada se mantinha após a crise, ou seja, no período de recuperação económica. Com a integração de dados referentes a anos posteriores (2016, 2017 e 2018), anos de recuperação económica com menores taxas de desemprego, este estudo demonstrou uma redução da taxa de incidência de depressão, em ambos os sexos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Colocou-se, então, a hipótese de que o aumento observado da taxa de incidência de depressão em Portugal se pudesse encontrar relacionado com a situação de crise económica. 9 Até ao início da pandemia de COVID-19, Portugal estava a recuperar lentamente da crise, com um aumento progressivo da taxa de crescimento real do PIB, desde 2014 com valores positivos, e uma diminuição da taxa de desemprego. 10 A condução de estudos sobre o impacto de crises económicas na saúde mental é cíclica, tendo-se verificado uma tendência de aumento durante o período de recessão e imediatamente após.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Crise Económica em Portugal: Evolução da Incidência de Depressão e Correlação com o Desemprego

Coelho¹,

Sousa-Uva²,

Pina³

et al. 2021

Acta Med Port

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Introduction: Previous studies have found an increase in the incidence rate of depression between 2007 – 2013 in Portugal, with a positive correlation with the unemployment rate, namely, in men. So, it was hypothesized that this increase is related with the situation of economic crisis. This study aimed to investigate if the correlation between unemployment rates and the incidence of depression is maintained in the post-crisis period of economic recovery in Portugal (2016 – 2018).Material and Methods: An ecological study was carried out, using data from the General Practitioners Sentinel Network concerning depression incidence (first episodes and relapses) and data from the National Statistics Institute on unemployment rates in the Portuguese population. The correlation coefficient was estimated using linear regression and the results were disaggregated by sex.Results: Between 2016 and 2018, there was a consistent decrease in the incidence of depression in both sexes. During the 1995 – 2018 period, a positive correlation was observed between unemployment and depression, with a coefficient of 0.833 (p = 0.005) in males and of 0.742 (p = 0.022) in females.Discussion: The reduction in the incidence of depression in both sexes observed between 2016 – 2018 corroborates a positive correlation between unemployment and depression in the Portuguese population, previously observed between 2007 – 2013.Conclusion: This study highlights the need to monitor the occurrence of mental illness in the Portuguese population, especially in moments of greatest social vulnerability in order to establish preventive measures, as a way to mitigate the impact of future economic crises.

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“…Fourth, the study results indicated that the employment status of adult children was signi cantly related to their depression. Economically inactive men have a higher risk of depression than women [34][35][36], and long-term unemployment is highly related to depression in comparison with short-term unemployment [37]. Finally, we found that adult children's BMI was associated with their depression, which is consistent with previous studies showing that those who are underweight and those who are severely obese are more likely to be depressed than those who are of normal weight and those who are overweight (U-shaped relationship) [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental long working hours and adult children's depression in South Korea: a cross-sectional study

Kim

Lee

Park

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: This study investigated the association between parental long working hours and the depression of adult children living with them in South Korea. Methods: Data from two years of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2014 and 2016 were analyzed using a cross-sectional study. Study samples included 1334 adult children aged ≥ 19 and 2486 parents (1483 mothers and 1003 fathers). Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between parental long working hours and their adult children’s depression. Results: Odds ratio (OR) of adult children’s depression for maternal working > 60 hours/week was 4.88 (95% confidential interval (CI): 1.95 – 12.2) when maternal working ≤ 40 hours/week was considered as a reference in the crude model. After considering parental and adult children’s socio-demographic characteristics and occupational characteristics, and parental depression, OR of adult children’s depression for maternal working was found to be 10.2 (95% CI: 2.47 – 42.0). The association between paternal long working hours and adult children’s depression was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Mothers’ long working hours were associated with the greater risk of their adult children’s depression in South Korea. Comprehending aging mothers’ weekly working hours is an important factor when developing strategies for addressing adult children’s depression using family-based interventions.

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Depression and unemployment incidence rate evolution in Portugal, 1995–2013: General Practitioner Sentinel Network data

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Factors Related to Unemployment in Europe. A Cross-Sectional Study from the COURAGE Survey in Finland, Poland and Spain

Factors Related to Unemployment in Europe. A Cross-Sectional Study from the COURAGE Survey in Finland, Poland and Spain

Crise Económica em Portugal: Evolução da Incidência de Depressão e Correlação com o Desemprego

Parental long working hours and adult children's depression in South Korea: a cross-sectional study

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