The Chrysidoidea Wasps (Hymenoptera, Aculeata) in Conventional Coffee Crops and Agroforestry Systems in Southeastern Brazil

Abstract

Agroforestry systems represent the integration of agricultural crops with native vegetation. These systems are of great importance to minimize the agricultural impact in the land through intercropping of these vegetations. Despite of the importance of Chrysidoidea as parasitoids wasps associated with different groups of insects, there is no study comparing the assemblages of these hymenopterans in conventional and agroforestry systems in Brazil. The “Pontal do Paranapanema”, located in the extreme west of the state of São Paulo (Brazil), has historically been occupied by coffee crops and some small areas of agroforestry systems. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the abundance and composition of Chrysidoidea wasp fauna in different conventional coffee crops and agroforestry systems located in this region. To do so, we collected in six different localities in the “Pontal do Paranapanema” using a Malaise trap in each locality with collections occurring monthly between June 2011 and July 2012. A total of 3,623 Chrysidoidea specimens of three families were collected: Bethylidae, with four genera and a total of 3,396 individuals, representing 93.73% of the total collected; Chrysididae with 11 genera and 151 individuals (4.16%), and Dryinidae with five genera and 76 individuals (2.09%). In terms of abundance, the agroforestry was responsible for most of the individuals collected (n = 2029), followed by the conventional systems with 1,406 individuals and the transitional with 188. The most abundant genera were Epyris and Dissomphalus, responsible for about 92% of the total of Chrysidoidea collected. Most of the genera of Chrysididae were collected in the conventional systems alone or in both conventional and agroforestry systems. For Bethylidae and Dryinidae, no genera were found exclusively in the conventional system. It is expected that the structural complexity of each one of the different ecosystems impact directly in the fauna of Chrysidoidea parasitoids associated.

Revision of the Neotropical species of Pareucamptonyx Olmi (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) with descriptions of new species

“…The macropterous (and actively flying) dryinids are frequently collected with yellow pan traps, interception traps, sweep nets, and Malaise traps while the apterous ones are rarely sampled (Olmi & Virla 2014;Versuti et al 2014;Martins & Domahovski 2017a, 2017bMartins 2018Martins , 2019Martins et al 2020. Most of the specimens studied herein were collected with Malaise traps, which is an unexpected result.…”

“…The Dryinidae Haliday, 1840 (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) are commonly known as parasitoids pincerwasps and usually also as predators of Auchenorrhyncha (Guglielmino et al 2013;). This family is distributed worldwide and currently comprises about 1920 species, grouped in 53 genera and 17 subfamilies, and in the Neotropical region about 500 species (Olmi & Virla 2014;Martins 2015Martins , 2018Martins , 2022Martins et al 2015aMartins et al , 2015bMartins et al , 2020Olmi & Xu 2015;Olmi et al 2019Olmi et al , 2020Olmi et al , 2022Speranza et al 2019;Martins & Olmi 2021;Martins & Perioto 2021).…”

Composición Genérica De Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) Del Este Del Uruguay

“…Goniozus was the genus most abundant in IAAa and Dissomphalus was the most abundant in IAAb, both areas with integrated agriculture. Previous studies (Colombo and Azevedo, 2016;Martins et al, 2020) have recorded the occurrence of these genera in areas with agriculture and less preserved vegetation. The composition of parasitoid wasps is affected by reducing the degree of preservation of habitats and, consequently, availability of hosts.…”