Surveys of the bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) community in a Neotropical savanna using pan traps

Abstract

Bee populations are declining because of various synergistic threats, and therefore bee survey and monitoring programs are needed. Several techniques have been developed to survey bees, but the most cost-effective and suitable methods to sample bees in several sites at the same time are passive approaches, such as methods involving colored pan traps (also known as Moericke or bowl traps). Several bee surveys using pan traps have been conducted in North America, Europe, and Australia, but only a few such surveys have been done in tropical regions. We used colored pan traps (blue, yellow, and white) to assess the bee community in the Brazilian savanna ecosystem in Rio Preto State Park. Sampling was conducted in October 2013 and March 2014 along permanent trails. We also characterized the local habitat of each trail, and then we compared bee abundance with habitat complexity. In total, 187 individual bees (n = 15 species) were collected, mainly using blue and white traps. Although we were not able to sample most species that were previously recorded in this park, the pan trap method can be used to survey and monitor bee assemblages in combination with another sampling method. Habitat complexity also affected the numbers of bees sampled using the pan traps, and more bees were collected at open sites.

Bees from an Island in the Delta of the Americas (Maranhão state, Brazil) and their Floristic Interactions

“…Thus, we find ourselves in a situation of aggravating loss of the diversity of bees, and we do not even know many of the species in the national territory. Although research on the diversity of Brazilian bee fauna has occurred frequently in recent years (Viana & Lourenço, 2020;Almeida et al, 2019), the vastness of the Brazilian territory prevents all areas from being covered with this type of work, thus leaving some regions lacking such information, mainly restricted access regions, such as islands off the Brazilian coast, for example.…”