Influence of Surface Charges on Thylakoid Structure and Function

Barber, James

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.33.060182.001401

Cited by 512 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

272

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The LHC is phosphorylated on the surface-exposed N-terminal segment that is accessible to trypsin (Bennett, 1980 Horton & Black (1982) at 1 mM-MgCl2 and by Kyle et al (1982) at 5 mM-MgCl2 could be due to the movement of PS II from the edge of appressed regions into the non-appressed regions, where they would be able to interact with PS I. A model similar to this has been proposed by Barber (1982).…”

Section: Molecular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…These reversible responses to changes in the wavelength of light are known as State 1-State 2 transitions and are regarded as being important in ensuring the balanced delivery of excitation energy to the two photosystems under natural conditions . They are observed both in algae and in higher plants (Chow et al, 1981;Barber, 1982 (Murata, 1969b;Williams, 1977;Barber, 1980Barber, , 1982. A characteristic feature of most green plants is that their photosynthetic membranes are differentiated into appressed and non-appressed regions (Fig.…”

Section: Phytochrome Controls the Lhcp Mrna Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Regulation of photosynthesis by reversible phosphorylation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein

Bennett¹

1983

Biochemical Journal

272

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Molecular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Phytochrome Controls the Lhcp Mrna Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of photosynthesis by reversible phosphorylation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein

Bennett¹

1983

Biochemical Journal

272

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This suggests that the interaction between Lti30 and the thylakoid membranes relies on (or induces) local regions of negatively charged phospholipids. It is also conceivable that Lti30 has an affinity for some of the negatively charged proteins that are dispersed in high numbers in the thylakoid membranes (Barber, 1982). The ability of Lti30 to assemble synthetic vesicles and ex vivo membranes into large aggregates has not been reported before, but other LEA proteins have recently been shown to have similar ability (Bož ović , 2007;Hundertmark et al, 2011).…”

Section: Lti30 Assembles Lipid Vesicles and Thylakoidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Membrane Binding of the Intrinsically Disordered Dehydrin Lti30, a Cold-Induced Plant Stress Protein

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dehydrins are intrinsically disordered plant proteins whose expression is upregulated under conditions of desiccation and cold stress. Their molecular function in ensuring plant survival is not yet known, but several studies suggest their involvement in membrane stabilization. The dehydrins are characterized by a broad repertoire of conserved and repetitive sequences, out of which the archetypical K-segment has been implicated in membrane binding. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of these K-segments, we examined the interaction between lipid membranes and a dehydrin with a basic functional sequence composition: Lti30, comprising only K-segments. Our results show that Lti30 interacts electrostatically with vesicles of both zwitterionic (phosphatidyl choline) and negatively charged phospholipids (phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl serine, and phosphatidic acid) with a stronger binding to membranes with high negative surface potential. The membrane interaction lowers the temperature of the main lipid phase transition, consistent with Lti30's proposed role in cold tolerance. Moreover, the membrane binding promotes the assembly of lipid vesicles into large and easily distinguishable aggregates. Using these aggregates as binding markers, we identify three factors that regulate the lipid interaction of Lti30 in vitro: (1) a pH dependent His on/off switch, (2) phosphorylation by protein kinase C, and (3) reversal of membrane binding by proteolytic digest.

show abstract

“…The value of the surface charge density (s) obtained in experiments depends on the method used, but a reasonable value is 225 mC m 22 [26,27]. Thus, estimation of s in relation to growth irradiance, using the release of quenching of 9-aminoacridine fluorescence on separately adding monovalent and divalent cations, and solving two simultaneous equations, yields average values for s in lettuce thylakoids that increased from 219 to 239 mC m 22 as the growth irradiance increased (table 1, taken from Davies et al [28]).…”

Section: Electrostatic Repulsion Between Thylakoids Modulates Granal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation of leaves to low light produces large grana: the origin of the predominant attractive force at work

Jia

Liggins

Chow

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Photosynthetic membrane sacs (thylakoids) of plants form granal stacks interconnected by nonstacked thylakoids, thereby being able to fine-tune (i) photosynthesis, (ii) photoprotection and (iii) acclimation to the environment. Growth in low light leads to the formation of large grana, which sometimes contain as many as 160 thylakoids. The net surface charge of thylakoid membranes is negative, even in low-light-grown plants; so an attractive force is required to overcome the electrostatic repulsion. The theoretical van der Waals attraction is, however, at least 20-fold too small to play the role. We determined the enthalpy change, in the spontaneous stacking of previously unstacked thylakoids in the dark on addition of Mg 2þ , to be zero or marginally positive (endothermic). The Gibbs free-energy change for the spontaneous process is necessarily negative, a requirement that can be met only by an increase in entropy for an endothermic process. We conclude that the dominant attractive force in thylakoid stacking is entropy-driven. Several mechanisms for increasing entropy upon stacking of thylakoid membranes in the dark, particularly in low-light plants, are discussed. In the light, which drives the chloroplast far away from equilibrium, granal stacking accelerates non-cyclic photophosphorylation, possibly enhancing the rate at which entropy is produced.

show abstract

Influence of Surface Charges on Thylakoid Structure and Function

Cited by 512 publications

References 76 publications

Regulation of photosynthesis by reversible phosphorylation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein

Regulation of photosynthesis by reversible phosphorylation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein

Tunable Membrane Binding of the Intrinsically Disordered Dehydrin Lti30, a Cold-Induced Plant Stress Protein

Acclimation of leaves to low light produces large grana: the origin of the predominant attractive force at work

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About